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Grant support

The ENIGMA OCD Working Group gratefully acknowledges support from NIH BD2K award U54 EB020403-02 (principal investigator, Dr. Thompson) and Neuroscience Amsterdam, IPB grant to Dr. Schmaal and Dr. van den Heuvel. Supported by the Hartmann Muller Foundation (grant 1460 to Dr. Brem); the International Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Foundation Research Award to Dr. Gruner; the Dutch Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) (grants 912-02-050, 907-00-012, 940-37-018, and 916-86-038); the Netherlands Society for Scientific Research (NWO-ZonMw VENI grant 916-86-036 to Dr. van den Heuvel; NWO-ZonMw AGIKO stipend 920-03-542 to Dr. de Vries); a NARSAD Young Investigator Award to Dr. van den Heuvel; the Netherlands Brain Foundation (2010(1)-50 to Dr. van den Heuvel); the Oxfordshire Health Services Research Committee (Dr. Anthony James); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (KO 3744/2-1 to Dr. Koch); the Marato TV3 Foundation (grants 01/2010 and 091710 to Dr. Lazaro); the Wellcome Trust and a pump priming grant from the South London and Maudsley Trust, London (project grant 064846 to Dr. Mataix-Cols); the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT KAKENHI grant 26461753 to Dr. Nakamae); International OCD Foundation Research Award 20153694 and a UCLA Clinical and Translational Science Institute Award (to Dr. Nurmi); NIMH grant R01MH081864 (to Drs. O'Neill and Piacentini) and grant R01MH085900 (to Drs. O'Neill and Feusner); Government of India grants to Prof. Y.C. Janardhan Reddy (SR/S0/HS/0016/2011) and Dr. Janardhanan C. Narayanaswamy (DST INSPIRE faculty grant IFA12-LSBM-26) of the Department of Science and Technology; Government of India grants to Prof. Y.C. Janardhan Reddy (BT/PR13334/Med/30/259/2009) and Dr. Janardhanan C. Narayanaswamy (BT/06/IYBA/2012) of the Department of Biotechnology; the Wellcome-DBT India Alliance grant to Dr. Ganesan Venkatasubramanian (500236/Z/11/Z); the Carlos III Health Institute (CP10/00604, PI13/00918, PI13/01958, PI14/00413/PI040829); FEDER funds/European Regional Development Fund, AGAUR (2014 SGR 1672 and 2014 SGR 489); a Miguel Servet contract (CP10/00604) from the Carlos III Health Institute to Dr. Soriano-Mas; the Italian Ministry of Health (grant RC10-11-12-13-14-15A to Dr. Spalletta); the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 320030_130237 to Dr. Walitza); and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO VIDI 917-15-318 to Dr. van Wingen).

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Cortical Abnormalities Associated With Pediatric and Adult Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Findings From the ENIGMA Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Working Group.

Publicated to:American Journal Of Psychiatry. 175 (5): 453-462 - 2018-05-01 175(5), DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17050485

Authors: Boedhoe PSW, Schmaal L, Abe Y, Alonso P, Ameis SH, Anticevic A, Arnold PD, Batistuzzo MC, Benedetti F, Beucke JC, Bollettini I, Bose A, Brem S, Calvo A, Calvo R, Cheng Y, Cho KIK, Ciullo V, Dallaspezia S, Denys D, Feusner JD, Fitzgerald KD, Fouche JP, Fridgeirsson EA, Gruner P, Hanna GL, Hibar DP, Hoexter MQ, Hu H, Huyser C, Jahanshad N, James A, Kathmann N, Kaufmann C, Koch K, Kwon JS, Lazaro L, Lochner C, Marsh R, Martínez-Zalacaín I, Mataix-Cols D, Menchón JM, Minuzzi L, Morer A, Nakamae T, Nakao T, Narayanaswamy JC, Nishida S, Nurmi E, O'Neill J, Piacentini J, Piras F, Reddy YCJ, Reess TJ, Sakai Y, Sato JR, Simpson HB, Soreni N, Soriano-Mas C, Spalletta G, Stevens MC, Szeszko PR, Tolin DF, van Wingen GA, Venkatasubramanian G, Walitza S, Wang Z, Yun JY,, Thompson PM, Stein DJ, van den Heuvel OA ENIGMA-OCD Working Group, ENIGMA OCD Working Group

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Abstract

Objective: Brain imaging studies of structural abnormalities in OCD have yielded inconsistent results, partly because of limited statistical power, clinical heterogeneity, and methodological differences. The authors conducted meta-and mega-analyses comprising the largest study of cortical morphometry in OCD ever undertaken. Method: T-1-weighted MRI scans of 1,905 OCD patients and 1,760 healthy controls from 27 sites worldwide were processed locally using Free Surfer to assess cortical thickness and surface area. Effect sizes for differences between patients and controls, and associations with clinical characteristics, were calculated using linear regression models controlling for age, sex, site, and intracranial volume. Results: In adult OCD patients versus controls, we found a significantly lower surface area for the transverse temporal cortex and a thinner inferior parietal cortex. Medicated adult OCD patients also showed thinner cortices throughout the brain. In pediatric OCD patients compared with controls, we found significantly thinner inferior and superior parietal cortices, but none of the regions analyzed showed significant differences in surface area. However, medicated pediatric OCD patients had lower surface area in frontal regions. Cohen's d effect sizes varied from -0.10 to -0.33. Conclusions: The parietal cortex was consistently implicated in both adults and children with OCD. More widespread cortical thickness abnormalities were found in medicated adult OCD patients, and more pronounced surface area deficits (mainly in frontal regions) were found in medicated pediatric OCD patients. These cortical measures represent distinct morphological features and may be differentially affected during different stages of development and illness, and possibly moderated by disease profile and medication.

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