International prevalence and risk factors evaluation for drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia

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This project was unfunded. However, Nilam Soni's time is partially funded by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) Partnered Evaluation Initiative Grant (HX002263-01A1). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Department of Veterans Affairs, nor the United States Government.

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Torres Marti, AntoniAuthorCilloniz Campos, CatiaAuthorSibila Vidal, OriolAuthorVendrell EAuthorBrito, VeronicaAuthor

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Article

Publicated to:Journal Of Infection. 79 (4): 300-311 - 2019-10-01 79(4), DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.07.004

Authors: Aliberti, S; Cook, GS; Babu, BL; Soni, NJ; Anzueto, A; Restrepo, MI; Reyes, LF; Rodriguez, AH; Sanz, F; Faverio, P; Sadud, RF; Muhammad, I; Irfan, M; Prat, C; Aymerich, CP; de la Torre, AL; García-Olivé, I; Vendrell, E; Torra, EV; Pujol, JA; Neves, J; Meireles, M; Ferrao, C; Kaimakamis, E; Feneley, A; Ions, R; Skeemer, J; Woltmann, G; Swarnakar, R; Franzetti, F; Carugati, M; Morosi, M; Monge, E; Aruj, PK; Attorri, S; Barimboim, E; Caeiro, JP; Garzon, MI; Cambursano, VH; Ceccato, A; Chertcoff, J; Lascar, F; Di Tulio, F; Díaz, AC; de Vedia, L; Ganaha, MC; Lambert, S; Lopardo, G; Luna, CM; Malberti, AG; Morcillo, N; Tartara, S; Pensotti, C; Pereyra, B; Scapellato, PG; Stagnaro, JP; Shah, S; Lötsch, F; Thalhammer, F; Anseeuw, K; Francois, CA; Van Braeckel, E; Vincent, JL; Djimon, MZ; Bashi, J; Dodo, R; Nouér, SA; Chipev, P; Encheva, M; Miteva, D; Petkova, D; Balkissou, AD; Yone, EWP; Ngahane, BHM; Shen, N; Xu, JF; Rico, CAB; Buitrago, R; Paternina, FJP; Ntumba, JMK; Carevic, VV; Jakopovic, M; Jankovic, M; Matkovic, Z; Mitrecic, I; Jacobsson, MLB; Christensen, AB; Bodtger, UCH; Meyer, CN; Jensen, AV; Baunbæk-knudsen, G; Petersen, PT; Andersen, S; Abd El-Wahhab, IES; Morsy, NE; Shafiek, H; Sobh, E; Abdulsemed, KA; Bertrand, F; Brun-Buisson, C; de Montmollin, E; Fartoukh, M; Messika, J; Tattevin, P; Khoury, A; Ebruke, B; Dreher, M; Kolditz, M; Meisinger, M; Pletz, MW; Hagel, S; Rupp, J; Schaberg, T; Spielmanns, M; Creutz, P; Suttorp, N; Siaw-Lartey, B; Dimakou, K; Papapetrou, D; Tsigou, E; Ampazis, D; Bhatia, M; Dhar, R; D'Souza, G; Garg, R; Koul, PA; Mahesh, PA; Jayaraj, BS; Narayan, KV; Udnur, HB; Krishnamurthy, SB; Kant, S; Limaye, S; Salvi, S; Golshani, K; Keatings, VM; Martin-Loeches, I; Maor, Y; Strahilevitz, J; Battaglia, S; Carrabba, M; Ceriana, P; Confalonieri, M; Monforte, AD; Del Prato, B; De Rosa, M; Fantini, R; Fiorentino, G; Gammino, MA; Menzella, F; Milani, G; Nava, S; Palmiero, G; Petrino, R; Gabrielli, B; Rossi, P; Sorino, C; Steinhilber, G; Zanforlin, A; Carone, M; Patella, V; Scarlata, S; Comel, A; Kurahashi, K; Bacha, ZA; Ugalde, DB; Zuñiga, OC; Villegas, JF; Medenica, M; van de Garde, EMW; Mihsra, DR; Shrestha, P; Ridgeon, E; Awokola, BI; Nwankwo, ONO; Olufunlola, AB; Olumide, S; Ukwaja, KN; Minarowski, L; Szymon, S; Froes, F; Leuschner, P; Ravara, SB; Brocovschii, V; Ion, C; Rusu, D; Toma, C; Chirita, D; Dorobat, CM; Birkun, A; Kaluzhenina, A; Almotairi, A; Bukhary, ZAA; Edathodu, J; Fathy, A; Enani, AMA; Mohamed, NE; Memon, JU; Bella, A; Bogdanovic, N; Milenkovic, B; Pesut, D; Borderìas, L; Garcia, NMB; Alarcón, HC; Cilloniz, C; Torres, A; Diaz-Brito, V; Casas, X; González, AE; Fernández-Almira, ML; Gallego, M; Gaspar-García, I; del Castillo, JG; Victoria, PJ; Martínez, EL; de Molina, RM; Marcos, PJ; Menéndez, R; Pando-Sandoval, A; Rello, J; Moyano, S; Sibila, O; Rodrigo-Troyano, A; Solé-Violán, J; Uranga, A; van Boven, JFM; Feldman, C; Yum, HK; Fiogbe, AA; Yangui, F; Bilaceroglu, S; Dalar, L; Yilmaz, U; Bogomolov, A; Elahi, N; Dhasmana, DJ; Hancock, C; Hill, AT; Rudran, B; Ruiz-Buitrago, S; Campbell, M; Whitaker, P; Youzguin, A; Singanayagam, A; Allen, KS; Brito, V; Dietz, J; Dysart, CE; Kellie, SM; Meier, G; Gaga, M; Holland, TL; Bergin, SP; Kheir, F; Landmeier, M; Nair, GB; Patel, H; Reyes, K; Rodriguez-Cintron, W; Saito, S; Noda, J; Hinojosa, CI; Levine, SM; Angel, LF; Whitlow, KS; Hipskind, J; Sukhija, K; Totten, V; Wunderink, RG; Shah, RD; Mateyo, KJ

Affiliations

Aga Khan Univ, Dept Med, Sect Pulm & Crit Care Med, Karachi 74800, Pakistan - Author

Agaples Diakonieklinikum Rotenburg, Zentrum Pneumol, Rotenburg, Germany - Author

Agioi Anargiroi Hosp, Athens, Greece - Author

Al Azhar Univ, Chest Dis Dept, Cairo, Egypt - Author

Al Faisal Univ, King Faisal Specialist Hosp, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia - Author

Alexandria Univ, Fac Med, Chest Dis Dept, Alexandria, Egypt - Author

Alma Mater Univ Bologna, DIMES, Resp & Crit Care Unit, St Orsola Malpighi Hosp, Bologna, Italy - Author

AO Osped Colli PO Monaldi, UOC Fisiopatol & Riabilitaz Resp, Naples, Italy - Author

AO St Anna Como, Pulmonol Unit, Como, Italy - Author

ASL 5 Oristano, San Martino Hosp, Pulm Med Unit, Sardinia, Italy - Author

Athens Chest Hosp, Asthma Ctr, Athens, Greece - Author

Athens Chest Hosp, Resp Med Dept 7, Athens, Greece - Author

Austin Hosp, Dept Gen Med, Heidelberg, Vic, Australia - Author

Azienda Osped Univ S Maria della Misericordia, Internal Med Dept, Udine, Italy - Author

Azienda USL 12 Viareggio, Versilia Hosp, Resp Unit, Lido Di Camaiore, Lucca, Italy - Author

Barcelona Policlin & Moises Broggi Hosp St Joan D, Barcelona, Spain - Author

Barts Hlth Trust, Royal London Hosp, London, England - Author

Battipaglia Hosp, Dept Med Sci, Allergol & Clin Immunol Unit, Salerno, Italy - Author

Baylor Scott & White Hlth, Div Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Temple, TX USA - Author

BP Koirala Inst Hlth Sci, Internal Med, Dharan, Nepal - Author

Buenos Aires British Hosp, Crit Care Unit, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina - Author

Buenos Aires British Hosp, Resp Med, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina - Author

Campus Bio Med Univ, Unit Resp Pathophysiol & Thorac Endoscopy, Geriatr, Rome, Italy - Author

Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, University of Milan Bicocca, Respiratory Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST di Monza, Monza, Italy. - Author

Charite, Dept Infect Dis & Resp Med, Berlin, Germany - Author

Chest Res Fdn, Resp Res Network India, Pune, Maharashtra, India - Author

CIBERes Biomed Res Network Resp Dis, Tarragona, Spain - Author

CIBERES, CIBER Enfermedades Resp, Bunyola, Spain - Author

Clement J Zablocki VA Med Ctr, 5000 W Natl Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53295 USA - Author

Clin Privada Monte Grande, Infect Dis & Infect Control Dept, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina - Author

Clin Shaio, Bogota, Colombia - Author

Clin Univ Kinshasa, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO - Author

Columbia Asia Hosp, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India - Author

Consorci Hosp Gen Univ Valencia, Pulmonol Dept, Valencia, Spain - Author

Consorci Hosp Gen Univ Valencia, Serv Neumol, Valencia, Spain - Author

Cook Cty Hosp, Div Hosp Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA - Author

Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Roskilde Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Roskilde, Denmark - Author

Cova da Beira Hosp Ctr, P-6200251 Covilha, Portugal - Author

Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Rovira & Virgili University and CIBERes (Biomedical Research Network of Respiratory disease), Tarragona, Spain. - Author

Ctr Hosp Porto, Porto, Portugal - Author

Ctr Hosp Porto, Serv Med, P-4099001 Porto, Portugal - Author

Ctr Hosp St Denis, Hop Delafontaine, Intens Care Unit, St Denis, Reunion, France - Author

Ctr Hosp Univ HKM Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin - Author

Cyst Fibrosis Adult Ctr, Milan, Italy - Author

Dammam Univ Saudi Arabia, Dammam, Saudi Arabia - Author

Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Infectious Diseases, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. - Author

Department of microbiology, Universidad de la Sabana, Bogota, Colombia. - Author

Division of Pulmonary Diseases & Critical Care Medicine, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, 7400 Merton Minter Boulevard, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. - Author

Division of Pulmonary Diseases & Critical Care Medicine, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, 7400 Merton Minter Boulevard, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. Electronic address: restrepom@uthscsa.edu. - Author

Division of Pulmonary Diseases & Critical Care Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Centre at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA - Author

Division of Pulmonary Diseases & Critical Care Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Centre at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA. - Author

Douala Gen Hosp, Douala, Cameroon - Author

Dubai Hosp, Dubai, U Arab Emirates - Author

Duke Clin Res Inst, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA - Author

Duke Univ, Dept Med, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27706 USA - Author

Emergency Dept North Zealands Hosp, Hillerod, Denmark - Author

Erasme Univ Hosp, Anesthesia & Crit Care Dept, Brussels, Belgium - Author

Fargo VA Hlth Care Syst, Fargo, ND USA - Author

Fdn IRCCS Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin, Internal Med Dept, I-20122 Milan, Italy - Author

Fdn IRCCS Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin, Resp Unit, Milan, Italy - Author

Fdn Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS, Cassano Delle Murge, Italy - Author

Fed Teaching Hosp Abakaliki, Dept Med, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria - Author

Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Respiratory Unit and Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, and University of Milan, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Milan Italy. - Author

Fortis Hosp, Kolkata, India - Author

G Papanikolaou Gen Hosp Thessaloniki, Intens Care Unit, Thessaloniki, Greece - Author

Getwell Hosp & Res Inst, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India - Author

Getwell Hospital & Research Institute, Dhantoli, Nagpur, India. - Author

Ghent Univ Hosp, Dept Resp Med, Ghent, Belgium - Author

Govt Med Coll Kozhikode, Pulm Med, Kozhikode, Kerala, India - Author

Grp Hosp Est Parisien, Hop Tenon, Pole Thorax Voies Aeriennes, Unite Reanimat Medicochirurg, Paris, France - Author

Hadassah Hebrew Univ, Dept Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Jerusalem, Israel - Author

Hairmyres Hosp, Eaglesham Rd, East Kilbride G75 8RG, Scotland - Author

Henry Ford Hosp, Detroit, MI 48202 USA - Author

Hop Louis Mourier, Publ Hop Paris, Serv Reanimat Medicochirurg, Colombes, France - Author

Hosp Antonio Cardarelli, Intervent Pneumol, Naples, Italy - Author

Hosp Badalona Germans Trias & Pujol, Inst Invest Germans Trias & Pujol, Microbiol Dept, Badalona, Spain - Author

Hosp Badalona Germans Trias & Pujol, Inst Invest Germans Trias & Pujol, Pneumol Dept, Badalona, Spain - Author

Hosp Badalona Germans Trias & Pujol, Microbiol Dept, Badalona, Spain - Author

Hosp Bernardo Houssay, Vicente Lopez, Argentina - Author

Hosp Cent Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina - Author

Hosp Complex Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain - Author

Hosp Costa del Sol, Dept Resp Med, Malaga, Spain - Author

Hosp Cruce Alta Complejidad Red, Florencio Varela, Buenos Aires, Argentina - Author

Hosp DF Santojanni, Infect Dis Dept, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina - Author

Hosp Galdakao Usansolo, Pulmol Dept, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain - Author

Hosp Gen Alvear, Mendoza, Argentina - Author

Hosp Gen Mexicali, Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico - Author

Hosp Gen Univ Alicante, Alicante, Spain - Author

Hosp Internal Forces Secur IFS, Dept Pneumol, Tunis, Tunisia - Author

Hosp Interzonal Gen Agudos Vicente Lopez y Planes, Infect Dis Ward, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina - Author

Hosp Luis Lago Maggiore, Mendoza, Argentina - Author

Hosp Lung Dis Brezovik, Niksic, Montenegro - Author

Hosp Mataro, Intens Care Med, Mataro, Spain - Author

Hosp Mollet, Barcelona, Spain - Author

Hosp Muniz, Resp Intens Care Unit, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina - Author

Hosp Nacl Prof Alejandro Posadas, El Palomar, Buenos Aires, Argentina - Author

Hosp Nuestra Senora del Carmen, Zaragoza, Argentina - Author

Hosp Privado Univ, Cordoba, Argentina - Author

Hosp Pulido Valente CHLN, Lisbon, Portugal - Author

Hosp Rawson, VH Dr Cazaux A Serv Neumol, Cordoba, Argentina - Author

Hosp San Jorge, Resp & Sleep Unit, Huesca, Spain - Author

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Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, IIB St Pau, Servei Pneumol, Barcelona, Spain - Author

Hosp Sfantul Stefan, Bucharest, Romania - Author

Hosp Univ Cent Asturias, Area Gest Clin Pulmon, Serv Neumol, Oviedo, Spain - Author

Hosp Univ Cent Asturias, Med Interna, Asturias, Spain - Author

Hosp Univ Clin San Carlos, Emergency Dept, Madrid, Spain - Author

Hosp Univ Gran Canaria Dr Negrin, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain - Author

Hosp Univ Monterrey 1, Monterrey 64030, Mexico - Author

Hosp Univ Son Espases, Palma De Mallorca, Spain - Author

Hosp Valle De Hebron, Crit Care Dept, Barcelona, Spain - Author

Hosp Zonal Especializado Agudos & Cron Dr Antonio, Vicente Lopez, Buenos Aires, Argentina - Author

HZGA Mi Pueblo, Florencio Varela, Argentina - Author

Imperial Coll Healthcare NHS Trust, London, England - Author

Inje Univ, Seoul Paik Hosp, Seoul, South Korea - Author

Inst Occupat Med & Environm Hlth, Sosnowiec, Poland - Author

Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Enfermedades Resp CIBERES, Madrid, Spain - Author

Inst Univ Parc Tauli UAB, Hosp Sabadell, Dept Resp Med, Sabadell, Spain - Author

Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital de Mataró, Spain. - Author

Intensive Care Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Greece. - Author

Interne Med, Dubrovnik, Croatia - Author

IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Pneumol Unit, Dept Cardiac Thorac Vasc & Intens Care Med, Reggio Emilia, Italy - Author

IRCCS Fdn Maugeri, Pulm Rehabil, I-27100 Pavia, Italy - Author

Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Esfahan, Iran - Author

Istanbul Bil Univ, Pulm Med, Istanbul, Turkey - Author

Izmir Dr Suat Seren Training & Res Hosp Thorac Me, Izmir, Turkey - Author

Jena Univ Hosp, Ctr Infect Dis & Infect Control, Jena, Germany - Author

Jimma Univ, Inst Biotechnol Res, Mycobacteriol Res Ctr, Dept Med Lab Sci & Pathol,Coll Hlth Sci, Jimma, Ethiopia - Author

John Peter Smith Hosp, Ft Worth, TX 76104 USA - Author

JSS Univ, JSS Med Coll, Dept Pulm Med, Mysore, Karnataka, India - Author

Karlovac Gen Hosp, Karlovac, Croatia - Author

Kaweah Delta Hlth Care Dist, Dept Emergency Med, Visalia, CA USA - Author

KFMC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia - Author

KHC Dr Dragisa Misovic, Pulm Dept, Belgrade, Serbia - Author

King Fahad Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Pulmonol Div, Al Hufuf 31982, Al Ahasa, Saudi Arabia - Author

King Fahad Hosp, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia - Author

King Fahad Med City, Med Specialties Dept, Infect Dis Sect, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia - Author

King Georges Med Univ UP, Dept Resp Med, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India - Author

King Georges Med Univ, Dept Resp Med, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India - Author

Klinikum Niederlausitz GmbH, Klin Innere Med & Intens Med, Senftenberg, Germany - Author

Komfo Anokye Teaching Hosp, Kumasi, Ghana - Author

Las Amer Clin, Medellin, Colombia - Author

Letterkenny Gen Hosp, Letterkenny, Co Donegal, Ireland - Author

Lily Hosp Ltd, Dept Family Med & Primary Care, Warri, Nigeria - Author

Mansoura Univ, Fac Med, Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Mansoura, Egypt - Author

Mansoura Univ, Fac Med, Thorac Med, Mansoura, Egypt - Author

Med Acad, Dept Anesthesiol Crit Care & Emergency Med, Simferopol, Russia - Author

Med Coll Wisconsin, Sect Hosp Med, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA - Author

Med Res Inst New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand - Author

Med Univ Bialystok, Dept Lung Dis & TB, Bialystok, Poland - Author

Med Univ Silesia, Sch Med Katowice, Dept Pneumol, Katowice, Poland - Author

Med Univ Vienna, Dept Med 1, Div Infect Dis & Trop Med, Vienna, Austria - Author

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Mil Med Acad, Clin Pulm Dis, Sofia, Bulgaria - Author

MRC Unit, Serekunda, Gambia - Author

Naestved Hosp, Dept Pulmonol, Naestved, Denmark - Author

Natl Inst Resp Dis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico - Author

NHS Fife, Victoria Hosp, Kirkcaldy, Fife, Scotland - Author

Nordsjaellands Hosp, Dept Lung & Infect Dis, Hillerod, Denmark - Author

Northwestern Mem Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA - Author

Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA - Author

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Olabisi Onabanjo Univ Teaching Hosp, Shagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria - Author

Osped Pederzoli, UO Pneumol, Peschiera Del Garda, Italy - Author

Paleo Faliro Clin, Med Grp Athens, Athens, Greece - Author

Parc Sanitari St Joan de Deu, Infect Dis Unit, Barcelona, Spain - Author

Parc Sanitari St Joan de Deu, Pneumol Serv, Barcelona, Spain - Author

Patan Hosp, Oxford Univ Clin Res Unit, Patan, Nepal - Author

Peking Univ, Hosp 3, Resp Med, Beijing, Peoples R China - Author

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Pontchaillou Univ Hosp, Infect Dis & ICU, Rennes, France - Author

Presidio Osped S Anna Nuovo, Unita Operat Pneumol, Azienda Osped St Anna Como, Como, Italy - Author

Pulmonology Department, Consorci Hospital General Universitari de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. - Author

Robert Ballanger Hosp, Crit Care Unit, Aulnay Sous Bois, France - Author

Rovira & Virgili Univ, Hosp Univ Joan XXIII, Crit Care Med, Tarragona, Spain - Author

Royal Infirm, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland - Author

Royal Liverpool Univ Hosp, Royal Resp Res Team, Liverpool, Merseyside, England - Author

S Andrea Hosp, Emergency Med Unit, Vercelli, Italy - Author

Section of Hospital Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA. - Author

Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi-74800, Pakistan. - Author

Serviço de Medicina, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal. - Author

SheriKashmir Inst Med Sci, Dept Internal & Pulm Med, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India - Author

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SOTIRIA Chest Hosp, Resp Med Dept 5, Athens 11527, Greece - Author

South Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Div Pulm Dis & Crit Care Med, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA - Author

Southport & Ormskirk Hosp NHS Trust, Southport, England - Author

Spedali Civili Brescia, UO Pneumol & Fisiopatol Resp, Brescia, Italy - Author

SS Hosp IMS BHU Varanasi, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India - Author

St Antonius Hosp, Dept Clin Pharm, Utrecht, Netherlands - Author

St Hosp Seu de Urgell, Catalonia, Spain - Author

St James Hosp, Dept Resp Med, Leeds LS9 7TF, W Yorkshire, England - Author

St James Univ Hosp, Trinity Ctr Hlth Sci Dublin, MICRO, Dublin, Ireland - Author

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State Univ Med & Pharm Nicolae Testemitanu Republ, Inst Emergency Med, Clin Anesthesia & Intens Care Valeriu Ghrerg, Kishinev, Moldova - Author

State Univ Med & Pharm Nicolae Testemitanu, Dept Pneumol & Allergol, Kishinev, Moldova - Author

Suat Seren Chest Dis & Surg Training & Res Hosp, Izmir, Turkey - Author

SUNY Stony Brook, Winthrop Univ Hosp, Interstitial Lung Dis Programand Pulm Rehabil, Mineola, NY 11501 USA - Author

Taibah Univ, Coll Med, Medina, Saudi Arabia - Author

Taibah Univ, Mansoura Univ Egypt, Pulm & Resp Crit Care Med, Medina, Saudi Arabia - Author

Teaching Hosp, Rome, Italy - Author

Tech Univ Dresden, Univ Hosp Carl Gustav Cams, Med Dept 1, Div Pulmonol, Dresden, Germany - Author

Tel Aviv Univ, Wolfson Med Ctr, Infect Dis Unit, Holon, Israel - Author

Tongji Univ, Shanghai Pulm Hosp, Dept Resp Med, Shanghai, Peoples R China - Author

Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pulm Dis Crit Care & Environm Med, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA - Author

Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA - Author

UAC, INIBIC, Sergas, CHUAC,Serv Neumol, La Coruna, Spain - Author

ULSS 18 Rovigo, Osped San Luca, I-45027 Trecenta, RO, Italy - Author

UMHAT St Marina, Varna, Bulgaria - Author

Univ & Polytech Hosp La Fe, Pneumol Serv, Valencia, Spain - Author

Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain - Author

Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin Barcelona, Dept Pneumol,Inst Clin Torax, Inst Invest Biomed August Pi & Sunyer IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain - Author

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Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland - Author

Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil - Author

Univ Franche Comte, Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med & Crit Care, Besancon, France - Author

Univ Hosp Aachen, Dept Cardiol Pneumol Vasc Med & Intens Care Med, Aachen, Germany - Author

Univ Hosp Alfredo Lanari, Dept Internal Med, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina - Author

Univ Hosp Ctr Zagreb, Dept Resp Dis, Zagreb, Croatia - Author

Univ Hosp Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia - Author

Univ Hosp Henri Mondor, F-94000 Creteil, France - Author

Univ Hosp Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, Leics, England - Author

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Univ Hosp Sylvanus Olympio, Pulmonol & Infect Dis Serv, Lome, Togo - Author

Univ Hosp Varna, Varna, Bulgaria - Author

Univ Hosp, Dept Pulmunol, Trieste, Italy - Author

Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics, England - Author

Univ Libre Bruxelles, Erasme Univ Hosp, Dept Intens Care, Brussels, Belgium - Author

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Univ Milan, Dept Hlth Sci, Clin Infect Dis, San Paolo Hosp, Milan, Italy - Author

Univ Milan, Dept Pathophysiol & Transplantat, Milan, Italy - Author

Univ Milan, Luigi Sacco Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Dept Biomed & Clin Sci, Milan, Italy - Author

Univ Milano Bicocca, San Gerardo Hosp, Resp Unit, Cardiothorac Vasc Dept,ASST Monza, Monza, Italy - Author

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Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, South Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Div Pulm Crit Care Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA - Author

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University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK. - Author

UOC Pneumol PO San Filippo Neri ASL RM E Roma, Rome, Italy - Author

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Viborg Reg Hosp, Dept Anaethesiol, Viborg, Denmark - Author

Vinnitsa Natl Pirogov Mem Med Univ, Vinnitsa Reg Antitb Hosp, Vinnitsa, Ukraine - Author

Volgograd State Med Univ, Volgograd, Russia - Author

Yaounde Jamot Hosp, Yaounde, Cameroon - Author

Yokohama City Univ, Med Ctr, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan - Author

ZNA Campus Stuivenberg, Antwerp, Belgium - Author

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent bacterial pathogen isolated in subjects with Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) worldwide. Limited data are available regarding the current global burden and risk factors associated with drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP) in CAP subjects. We assessed the multinational prevalence and risk factors for DRSP-CAP in a multinational point-prevalence study.The prevalence of DRSP-CAP was assessed by identification of DRSP in blood or respiratory samples among adults hospitalized with CAP in 54 countries. Prevalence and risk factors were compared among subjects that had microbiological testing and antibiotic susceptibility data. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify risk factors independently associated with DRSP-CAP.3,193 subjects were included in the study. The global prevalence of DRSP-CAP was 1.3% and continental prevalence rates were 7.0% in Africa, 1.2% in Asia, and 1.0% in South America, Europe, and North America, respectively. Macrolide resistance was most frequently identified in subjects with DRSP-CAP (0.6%) followed by penicillin resistance (0.5%). Subjects in Africa were more likely to have DRSP-CAP (OR: 7.6; 95%CI: 3.34-15.35, p<0.001) when compared to centres representing other continents.This multinational point-prevalence study found a low global prevalence of DRSP-CAP that may impact guideline development and antimicrobial policies.Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Keywords

global burden of diseaseguidelinesinfectious-diseases-societylaboratoriesmacrolide resistancemanagementmicrobial drug resistantpathogenspenicillinpneumococcal infectionstaphylococcus-aureustherapyCommunity-acquired pneumoniaGlobal burden of diseaseGuidelinesInfectious-diseases-societyLaboratoriesMacrolide resistanceManagementMicrobial drug resistantPathogensPenicillinPneumococcal infectionPneumoniaStaphylococcus-aureusTherapy

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Journal Of Infection due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2019, it was in position 12/92, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Infectious Diseases.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 2.26. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 9.32 (source consulted: Dimensions Apr 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-04-28, the following number of citations:

WoS: 32
Europe PMC: 19
OpenCitations: 36

Impact and social visibility

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Argentina; Australia; Austria; Belgium; Benin; Brazil; Bulgaria; Cameroon; China; Colombia; Congo; Croatia; Denmark; Egypt; Ethiopia; France; Gambia; Germany; Ghana; Greece; India; Iran; Israel; Italy; Japan; Jerusalem; Jordan; Lebanon; Mexico; Moldova; Montenegro; Nepal; Netherlands; New Zealand; Niger; Nigeria; Oman; Pakistan; Poland; Portugal; Republic of Korea; Russia; Saudi Arabia; Serbia; South African Republic; Togo; Tunisia; Turkey; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States of America; Zambia.

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