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Badia Jobal, Joan RamonAuthorJimenez Castro, Monica BibianaAuthorFerrusquía Acosta, Jose AlbertoAuthorMoreira Ruíz, LeticiaAuthorSandoval Martínez, ElenaAuthorLozano Rubi, Raimundo RamonAuthorCalderon Gomez, ElisabethAuthorBotta Orfila, Maria TeresaAuthor

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Mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19

Publicated to:Nature. 600 (7889): 472-+ - 2021-07-08 600(7889), DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03767-x

Authors: Niemi, Mari E K; Karjalainen, Juha; Daly, Mark; Ganna, Andrea; Mehtonen, Juha; Cordioli, Mattia; Kaunisto, Mari; Pigazzini, Sara; Donner, Kati; Kivinen, Katja; Palotie, Aarno; Daly, Mark J; Liao, Rachel G; Kanai, Masahiro; Veerapen, Kumar; Minica, Camelia; Trankiem, Amy; Balaconis, Mary K; Nguyen, Huy; Solomonson, Matthew; Francioli, Laurent; Wang, Qingbo; Green, Robert C; Bryant, Sam; Finucane, Hilary; Martin, Alicia R; Zhou, Wei; Nkambule, Lindokuhle; Karczewski, Konrad J; Atkinson, Elizabeth G; Tsuo, Kristin; Baya, Nikolas; Turley, Patrick; Gupta, Rahul; Walters, Raymond K; Palmer, Duncan S; Sarma, Gopal; Cheng, Nathan; Lu, Wenhan; Churchhouse, Claire; Goldstein, Jacqueline, I; King, Daniel; Seed, Cotton; Neale, Benjamin M; Satterstrom, F Kyle; Pathak, Gita A; Wendt, Frank R; Polimanti, Renato; Andrews, Shea J; Sloofman, Laura; Sealfon, Stuart C; Fernandez-Cadenas, Israel; Schulte, Eva C; Protzer, Ulrike; Striano, Pasquale; Coviello, Domenico A; Zara, Federico; Salpietro, Vincenzo; Iacomino, Michele; Scudieri, Paolo; Bocciardi, Renata; Minetti, Carlo; Vari, Maria Stella; Madia, Francesca; Marouli, Eirini; Kanoni, Stavroula; Moutsianas, Loukas; Karim, Mohd Anisul; Ghoussaini, Maya; Schwartzentruber, Jeremy; Dunham, Ian; Savage, Jeanne; Posthuma, Danielle; Tissink, Elleke; Uffelmann, Emil; Butler-Laporte, Guillaume; Richards, J Brent; Nakanishi, Tomoko; Morrison, David R; Forgetta, Vincenzo; Ghosh, Biswarup; Laurent, Laetitia; Henry, Danielle; Abdullah, Tala; Adeleye, Olumide; Mamlouk, Noor; Kimchi, Nofar; Afrasiabi, Zaman; Rezk, Nardin; Vulesevic, Branka; Bouab, Meriem; Guzman, Charlotte; Petitjean, Louis; Tselios, Chris; Xue, Xiaoqing; Afilalo, Jonathan; Adra, Darin; Kim, Han-Na; Okada, Yukinori; Byun, Jinyoung; Han, Younghun; Uddin, Mohammed Jashim; Smith, George Davey; Willer, Cristen J; Buxbaum, Joseph D; Sloofman, Laura G; Collins, Brett L; Levy, Tess; Underwood, Slayton J; Britvan, Bari; Keller, Katherine; Tang, Lara; Peruggia, Michael; Hiester, Liam L; Niblo, Kristi; Aksentijevich, Alexandra; Labkowsky, Alexander; Karp, Avromie; Zlatopolsky, Menachem; Arora, Jatin; Raychaudhuri, Soumya; Mercader, Josep; Cusick, Caroline; Pasaniuc, Bogdan; Julienne, Hanna; Aschard, Hugues; Shi, Huwenbo; Yengo, Loic; Chwialkowska, Karolina; Francescatto, Margherita; Davis, Lea; Kerchberger, V Eric; Lee, Sulggi; Priest, James; Vadgama, Nirmal; Tanigawa, Yosuke; Renieri, Alessandra; Sankaran, Vijay G; van Heel, David; de Salazar, Adolfo; van Heel, David A; Hunt, Karen A; Trivedi, Bhavi; Deelen, Patrick; Franke, Lude; Claringbould, Annique; Lopera, Esteban; Warmerdam, Robert; van Blokland, Irene; Lanting, Pauline; Mooser, Vincent; Li, Rui; Belisle, Alexandre; Lepage, Pierre; Ragoussis, Jiannis; Auld, Daniel; Lathrop, G Mark; Biesecker, Les; Baillie, J Kenneth; Clohisey, Sara; Fourman, Max Head; Furniss, James; Haley, Chris; Law, Andy; Millar, Jonathan; Pairo-Castineira, Erola; Parkinson, Nicholas; Rawlik, Konrad; Russell, Clark D; Shih, Barbara; Tenesa, Albert; Wang, Bo; Zechner, Marie; Law, Andrew; Hendry, Ross; Armstrong, Ruth; Boz, Ceilia; Brown, Adam; Cullum, Louise; Day, Nicky; Duncan, Esther; Finernan, Paul; Golightly, Ailsa; Law, Dawn; Law, Rachel; Law, Sarah; Mal, Hanning; Mcmaster, Ellie; Meikle, Jen; Oosthuyzen, Wilna; Paterson, Trevor; Stenhouse, Andrew; Swets, Maaike; Szoor-McElhinney, Helen; Taneski, Filip; Wackett, Tony; Ward, Mairi; Weaver, Jane; Coyle, Judy; Gallagher, Bernadette; Lidstone-Scott, Rebecca; Hamilton, Debbie; Griffiths, Fiona; Keating, Sean; Walsh, Timothy; Bretherick, Andrew D; Grimes, Graeme; Hayward, Caroline; Klaric, Lucija; Meynert, Alison M; Ponting, Chris P; Richmond, Anne; Vitart, Veronique; Wilson, James F; Mari, Francesca; Lista, Mirjam; Perticaroli, Valentina; Fallerini, Chiara; Daga, Sergio; Baldassarri, Margherita; Fava, Francesca; Frullanti, Elisa; Valentino, Floriana; Doddato, Gabriella; Giliberti, Annarita; Bruttini, Mirella; Croci, Susanna; Meloni, Ilaria; Beligni, Giada; Tommasi, Andrea; Di Sarno, Laura; Palmieri, Maria; Carriero, Miriam Lucia; Alaverdian, Diana; Iuso, Nicola; Inchingolo, Gabriele; Tita, Rossella; Amitrano, Sara; Mencarelli, Maria Antonietta; Lo Rizzo, Caterina; Pinto, Anna Maria; Montagnani, Francesca; Tumbarello, Mario; Furini, Simone; Benetti, Elisa; Zguro, Kristina; Capitani, Katia; Zanelli, Giacomo; Bianchi, Francesco; Bernasconi, Anna; Ceri, Stefano; Pinoli, Pietro; Baillie, Stefano Ceri; Canakoglu, Arif; Wolford, Brooke; Faucon, Annika; Dutta, Atanu Kumar; Patel, Sanjay; Schurmann, Claudia; Harry, Emi; Birney, Ewan; Nasir, Jamal; Marttila, Minttu; Dueker, Nicole; Limou, Sophie; Rahmouni, Souad; Mbarek, Hamdi; Darwish, Dima; Ismail, Said I; Saad, Chadi; Al-Sarraj, Yaser; Badji, Radja Messai; Al-Muftah, Wadha; Al Thani, Asma; Uddin, Md Mesbah; Albertos, Raquel; Ferrer, Ricard; Perez-Tur, Jordi; Li, Ruolin; Medina-Gomez, Carolina; Sedaghati-Khayat, Bahar; Vallerga, Costanza; Boer, Cindy; Kennis-Szilagyi, Ingrid; Prijatelj, Vid; Folkersen, Lasse; Moltke, Ida; Koelling, Nils; Spencer, Chris A; Teumer, Alexander; Kousathanas, Athanasios; Pasko, Dorota; Caulfield, Mark J; Scott, Richard H; Walker, Susan; Stuckey, Alex; Odhams, Christopher A; Rhodes, Daniel; Fowler, Tom; Rendon, Augusto; Chan, Georgia; Arumugam, Prabhu; Utrilla, Alicia; Verdugo, Ricardo A; Zarate, Ruth; Gomez-Cabrero, David; Carnero-Montoro, Elena; Alarcon-Riquelme, Marta E; Martinez-Bueno, Manuel; Cadilla, Carmen L; Moreno-Estrada, Andres; Garmendia, Adriana; Moya, Leire; Boua, Palwende Romuald; Fave, Marie-Julie; Lemacon, Audrey; Migeotte, Isabelle; Varnai, Reka; Szentpeteri, Jozsef L; Sipeky, Csilla; Colombo, Francesca; von Hohenstaufen, Kathrin; Lio, Pietro; Im, Hogune; Han, Chulho; Song, Han; Lim, Jiwoo; Lee, Younhe; Kim, Sugyeong; Atanasovska, Biljana; Ahmad, Hajar Fauzan; Jansen, Philip; Hottenga, Jouke Jan; Bartels, Meike; de Geus, Eco J C; Nivard, Michel G; Kornilov, Sergey A; Sivanadhan, Ilangkumaran; Perumal, Sarala; Esmaeeli, Sahar; Pearson, Nathaniel M; Auton, Adam; Shelton, Janie F; Shastri, Anjali J; Filshtein-Sonmez, Teresa; Coker, Daniella; Symons, Antony; Aslibekyan, Stella; O'Connell, Jared; Ye, Chelsea; Weldon, Catherine H; Esparza-Gordillo, Jorge; Perera, Minoli; Yang, Guang; Alarcon, Cristina; Herrmann, Stefanie; Friedman, Paula; O'Leary, Kevin; Mazurek, Sophia; Tuck, Matthew; Banagan, Jeff; Hamidi, Zacharia; O'Brien, Travis; Meltzer, David; Raffat, Noora; de la Horra, Carmen; O'Donnell, Peter; Nutescu, Edith; Moreno, Diana; Barbour, April; Gallego-Duran, Rocio; Ferwerda, Bart; van de Beek, Diederik; Brouwer, Matthijs C; Beudel, Martijn; Koning, Rutger; Vlaar, Alexander P J; Algera, Anne Geke; van Baarle, Frank; Bos, Lieuwe; Botta, Michela; de Bruin, Sanne; Bulle, Esther; Dongelmans, Dave; Elbers, Paul; Fleuren, Lucas; Girbes, Armand; Hagens, Laura; Heunks, Leo; Horn, Janneke; van Mourik, Niels; Paulus, Frederique; Raasveld, Jorinde; Schultz, Marcus J; Smit, Marry; Teunissen, Charlotte; Thoral, Patrick; de Vries, Heder; Wiersinga, W Joost; van Agtmael, Michiel; Bomers, Marije; de Brabander, Justin; de Bree, Godelieve; Chouchane, Osoul; Geerlings, Suzanne; Goorhuis, Bram; Grobusch, Martin P; Harris, Vanessa; Hermans, Sabine M; Hovius, Joppe W; Nellen, Jeannine; Peters, Edgar; van der Poll, Tom; Prins, Jan M; Reijnders, Tom; Schinkel, Michiel; Schuurman, Alex; Sigaloff, Kim; Stijnis, Cornelis S; Tsonas, Anissa; van der Valk, Marc; van Vugt, Michele; Zwinderman, A H Koos; Bax, Diane; Cloherty, Alex; Geijtenbeek, Theo; Hafkamp, Florianne; Preckel, Bennedikt; Bogaard, Harm Jan; Bonta, Peter, I; Nossent, Esther J; Bugiani, Marianna; Geerts, Bart; Hollmann, Markus; Veelo, Denise; Hamann, Jorg; Hemke, Robert; de Jong, Menno D; Stilma, Willemke; Wouters, Dorien; Minnaar, Rene P; Kromhout, Adrie; van Uffelen, Kees W J; Wolterman, Ruud A; Roberts, Genevieve; Park, Danny; Ball, Catherine A; Coignet, Marie; McCurdy, Shannon; Knight, Spencer; Partha, Raghavendran; Rhead, Brooke; Zhang, Miao; Berkowitz, Nathan; Gaddis, Michael; Noto, Keith; Ruiz, Luong; Pavlovic, Milos; Hong, Eurie L; Rand, Kristin; Girshick, Ahna; Guturu, Harendra; Baltzell, Asher Haug; Georges, Michel; Melo, Sofia; Jacques, Nicolas; Di Valentin, Emmanuel; Giroule, Francois; Collignon, Alice; Radermecker, Coraline; Lebrun, Marielle; Peree, Helene; Latour, Samuel; Barada, Olivia; Sanchez, Judit; Meunier, Margot; Mariavelle, Emeline; Anania, Sandy; Gazon, Helene; Mni, Myriam; Wery, Marie; Belhaj, Yasmine; Guntz, Julien; Jadot, Laurent; Claassen, Sabine; Beguin, Yves; Gofflot, Stephanie; El Kandoussi, Kamilia; Thonon, Raphael; Bouysran, Youssef; Busson, Adeline; Peyrassol, Xavier; Wilkin, Francoise; Pichon, Bruno; Smits, Guillaume; Vandernoot, Isabelle; Goffard, Jean-Christophe; Moutschen, Michel; Misset, Benoit; Darcis, Gilles; Guiot, Julien; Azarzar, Samira; Dellot, Patricia; Bertrand, Axelle; Parzibut, Gilles; Clarinval, Mathilde; Moermans, Catherine; Malaise, Olivier; Huynen, Pascale; Mesdagh, Alyssia; Josse, Claire; Boujemla, Bouchra; Juszczak, Danusia; Fadeur, Marjorie; Camby, Severine; Meuris, Christelle; Thys, Marie; Jacques, Jessica; Henket, Monique; Leonard, Philippe; Frippiat, Frederic; Giot, Jean-Baptiste; Sauvage, Anne-Sophie; Von Frenckell, Christian; Staderoli, Alicia; Lambermont, Bernard; Louis, Edouad; Afilalo, Marc; Oliveira, Maureen; Brenner, Bluma; Brassard, Nathalie; Durand, Madeleine; Chasse, Michael; Kaufmann, Daniel E; Schurr, Erwin; Davis, Lea K; Cox, Nancy J; Below, Jennifer E; Sealock, Julia M; Faucon, Annika B; Shuey, Megan M; Polikowsky, Hannah G; Petty, Lauren E; Shaw, Douglas M; Chen, Hung-Hsin; Zhu, Wanying; Ludwig, Kerstin U; Schroeder, Julia; Rolker, Selina; Nothen, Markus M; Fazaal, Julia; Maj, Carlo; Keitel, Verena; Jensen, Bjorn-Erik Ole; Feldt, Torsten; Knopp, Lisa; Kurth, Ingo; Eggermann, Thomas; Marx, Nikolaus; Dreher, Michael; Pink, Isabell; Cornberg, Markus; Illig, Thomas; Volland, Sonja; Lehmann, Clara; Schommers, Philipp; Augustin, Max; Rybniker, Jan; Koehler, Philipp; Cornely, Oliver A; Altmuller, Janine; Berger, Marc M; Brenner, Thorsten; Hinney, Anke; Witzke, Oliver; Bals, Robert; Herr, Christian; Ludwig, Nicole; Walter, Jorn; Fuchsberger, Christian; Pattaro, Cristian; De Grandi, Alessandro; Pramstaller, Peter; Emmert, David; Melotti, Roberto; Foco, Luisa; Mascalzoni, Deborah; Gogele, Martin; Domingues, Francisco; Hicks, Andrew; Gignoux, Christopher R; Wicks, Stephen J; Crooks, Kristy; Barnes, Kathleen C; Daya, Michelle; Shortt, Jonathan; Rafaels, Nicholas; Chavan, Sameer; Goldstein, David B; Kiryluk, Krzysztof; Sengupta, Soumitra; Menon, Amritha; So, Yat S; Chung, Wendy; Reilly, Muredach P; Khan, Atlas; Wang, Chen; Gharavi, Ali G; Shang, Ning; O'Byrne, Sheila M; Nandakumar, Renu; Povysil, Gundula; Bhardwaj, Nitin; Ionita-Laza, Iuliana; Hod, Eldad; Pendrick, Danielle; Park, Soo-Kyung; Kim, Hyung-Lae; Kang, Chang Kyung; Park, Wan Beom; Lee, Hyo-Jung; Song, Kyoung-Ho; Ham, Sin Young; Jung, Jongtak; Kim, Eu Suk; Bin Kim, Hong; Yoon, Kyung Jae; Paik, Nam-Jong; Seok, Woojin; Yoon, Heejun; Joo, Eun-Jeong; Chang, Yoosoo; Ryu, Seungho; Park, Jeong Su; Park, Kyoung Un; Ellinghaus, David; Degenhardt, Frauke; Juzenas, Simonas; Tran, Florian; Rosenstiel, Philip; Schreiber, Stefan; Franke, Andre; Wacker, Eike Matthias; Uellendahl-Werth, Florian; ElAbd, Hesham; Wienbrandt, Lars; Ruhlemann, Malte Christoph; Wendorff, Mareike; Tanck, Anja; Gassner, Christoph; Hemmrich-Stanisak, Georg; Kassens, Jan; Basso, Maria E Figuera; Schulzky, Martin; Wittig, Michael; Braun, Nicole; Wesse, Tanja; Albrecht, Wolfgang; Yi, Xiaoli; Nebel, Almut; Peschuck, Anna; May, Sandra; Karina, Banasik; Brunak, Soren; Caceres, Mario; Lerga-Jaso, Jon; Lenz, Tobias L; Teles, Ana; Azuure, Clinton; Ozer, Onur; Albillos, Agustin; Mateos, Beatriz; Mesonero, Francisco; Tellez, Luis; Rodriguez-Gandia, Miguel; Bujanda, Luis; Banales, Jesus M; Romero-Gomez, Manuel; Buti, Maria; Maya-Miles, Douglas; Garcia-Etxebarria, Koldo; Izquierdo-Sanchez, Laura; Rodrigues, Pedro M; Rodriguez-Frias, Francisco; Riveiro-Barciela, Mar; Julia, Antonio; Palom, Adriana; Marsal, Sara; Heidecker, Bettina; Kurth, Florian; Sander, Leif Erik; Mayer, Alena; Braun, Alice; Skurk, Carsten; Thibeault, Charlotte; Helbig, Elisa T; Kraft, Julia; Lippert, Lena J; Suwalski, Phillip; Ripke, Stephan; Poller, Wolfgang; Wang, Xiaomin; Karadeniz, Zehra; Garcia, Federico; Quero, Jose Hernandez; Chueca, Natalia; Cejudo, Trinidad Gonzalez; Hanses, Frank; Wilfling, Sibylle; Zoller, Heinz; Schaefer, Benedikt; Holter, Jan C; Hov, Johannes R; Karlsen, Tom H; Folseraas, Trine; Holten, Aleksander Rygh; Dyrhol-Riise, Anne Ma; Tonby, Kristian; Lind, Andreas; Muller, Fredrik; Dudman, Susanne; Grimsrud, Marit M; Fernandez, Javier; Ferrando, Carlos; Reverter, Enric; Badia, Joan Ramon; Hernandez-Tejero, Maria; Castro, Pedro; de Cid, Rafael; Nolla, Anna Carreras; Cortes, Beatriz; Galvan-Femenia, Ivan; Blay, Natalia; Farre, Xavier; Asselta, Rosanna; Duga, Stefano; Mantovani, Alberto; Protti, Alessandro; Aghemo, Alessio; Lleo, Ana; Voza, Antonio; Azzolini, Elena; Paraboschi, Elvezia Maria; My, Ilaria; Cecconi, Maurizio; Tentorio, Paolo; Badalamenti, Salvatore; Bombace, Sara; Cappadona, Claudio; Rimoldi, Valeria; Goerg, Siegfried; Hehr, Ute; Perez, Emma F; Lenning, Ole Bernt; Vadla, May Sissel; Myhre, Ronny; Ortiz, Aaron Blandino; de Pablo, Raul; Chercoles, Adolfo Garrido; Nafria-Jimenez, Beatriz; Ruiz, Agustin; Hernandez, Isabel; de Rojas, Itziar; Marquie, Marta; Boada, Merce; Prati, Daniele; Baselli, Guido; Valenti, Luca; Cherubini, Alessandro; Muscatello, Antonio; Hu, Cinzia; Bianco, Cristiana; Galimberti, Daniela; Scarpini, Elio; Ceriotti, Ferruccio; Lamorte, Giuseppe; Terranova, Leonardo; Ostadreza, Mahnoosh; Zanella, Alberto; Bandera, Alessandra; Gori, Andrea; Fracanzani, Anna Ludovica; Pesenti, Antonio; Paccapelo, Cinzia; Martinelli-Boneschi, Filippo; Peyvandi, Flora; Blasi, Francesco; Grasselli, Giacomo; Costantino, Giorgio; Santoro, Luigi; Scudeller, Luigia; Carrabba, Maria; Baldini, Marina; Miozzo, Monica; Montano, Nicola; Gualtierotti, Roberta; Pelusi, Serena; Bosari, Silvano; Aliberti, Stefano; Monzani, Valter; Invernizzi, Pietro; Gerussi, Alessio; Milani, Chiara; Ramirez, Alfredo; Andrade, Victor; Barreira, Ana; Kildal, Anders Benjamin; Gluck, Andreas; Bahmer, Thomas; Latiano, Anna; Palmieri, Orazio; Rando-Segura, Ariadna; Roade, Luisa; Solier, Aurora; Jimenez, David; Nieto, Rosa; Bellinghausen, Carla; Quereda, Carmen; Navas, Enrique; Spinner, Christoph D; Schneider, Jochen; Lange, Christoph; Heyckendorf, Jan; Sancho, Cristina; Intxausti, Maider; Hoff, Dag Arne Lihaug; Afset, Jan Egil; Haider, Sammra; Pestana, David; Toapanta, David; Urrechaga, Eloisa; Espana, Pedro P; Pontali, Emanuele; Garbarino, Lucia; Mazzocco, Michela; Arana, Eunate; Ayo, Natale Imaz; Sanchez, Felix Garcia; Malvestiti, Francesco; Pezzoli, Gianni; Neb, Holger; D'Amato, Mauro; Goikoetxea, Josune; Muller, Karl Erik; Heggelund, Lars; Gaede, Karoline, I; Sumoy, Lauro; Kogevinas, Manolis; Garcia-Aymerich, Judith; Castano-Vinyals, Gemma; Dobano, Carlota; Moreno, Victor; Gutierrez-Stampa, Maria A; Vehreschild, Maria J G T; Khodamoradi, Yascha; Castoldi, Massimo; Zheng, Tenghao; Seilmaier, Michael J; Martinez, Nilda; Hoffmann, Per; Heilmann-Heimbach, Stefanie; Bacher, Petra; Ciesek, Sandra; Landmesser, Ulf; Skogen, Vegard; Calderon, Enrique J; Medrano, Francisco J; Delgado, Juan; Morilla, Ruben; Friaza, Vicente; Gudbjartsson, Daniel F; Stefansson, Kari; Sulem, Patrick; Sveinbjornsson, Gardar; Melsted, Pall; Norddahl, Gudmundur; Moore, Kristjan Helgi Swerford; Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur; Holm, Hilma; Bernardo, David; Ampuero, Javier; Rello, Silvia Rojo; Magi, Reedik; Milani, Lili; Metspalu, Andres; Laisk, Triin; Lall, Kristi; Lepamets, Maarja; Esko, Tonu; Reimann, Ene; Alavere, Helene; Metsalu, Kristjan; Puusepp, Mairo; Naaber, Paul; Laane, Edward; Pesukova, Jaana; Peterson, Part; Kisand, Kai; Tabri, Jekaterina; Allos, Raili; Hensen, Kati; Starkopf, Joel; Ringmets, Inge; Tamm, Anu; Kallaste, Anne; Kristiansson, Kati; Koskelainen, Sami; Perola, Markus; Rivolta, Carlo; Quinodoz, Mathieu; Kamdar, Dhryata; Bochud, Pierre-Yves; Bibert, Stephanie; Boillat, Noemie; Nussle, Semira Gonseth; Albrich, Werner; Suh, Noemie; Neofytos, Dionysios; Erard, Veronique; Voide, Cathy; Bochud, P Y; Rivolta, C; Bibert, S; Quinodoz, M; Kamdar, D; Neofytos, D; Erard, V; Voide, C; Friolet, R; Vollenweider, P; Pagani, J L; Oddo, M; zu Bentrup, F Meyer; Conen, A; Clerc, O; Marchetti, O; Guillet, A; Guyat-Jacques, C; Foucras, S; Rime, M; Chassot, J; Jaquet, M; Viollet, R Merlet; Lannepoudenx, Y; Portopena, L; Desgranges, F; Filippidis, P; Guery, B; Haefliger, D; Kampouri, E E; Manuel, O; Munting, A; Papadimitriou-Olivgeris, M; Regina, J; Rochat-Stettler, L; Suttels, V; Tadini, E; Tschopp, J; Van Singer, M; Viala, B; Boillat-Blanco, N; Brahier, T; Hugli, O; Meuwly, J Y; Pantet, O; Pumarola, Tomas; Nussle, S Gonseth; Bochud, M; D'Acremont, V; Younes, S Estoppey; Albrich, W C; Suh, N; Cerny, A; O'Mahony, L; Frischknecht, M; Kleger, G-R; Filipovic, M; Kahlert, C R; Wozniak, H; Negro, T Rochat; Pugin, J; Bouras, K; Knapp, C; Egger, T; Perret, A; Montillier, P; di Bartolomeo, C; Barda, B; Carreras, Anna; Mercader, Josep Maria; Guindo-Martinez, Marta; Torrents, David; Gori, Marco; Picchiotti, Nicola; Mondelli, Mario Umberto; Bruno, Raffaele; Ludovisi, Serena; Castelli, Francesco; Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia; Degli Antoni, Melania; Vaghi, Massimo; Rusconi, Stefano; Riva, Agostino; Siano, Matteo; Gabrieli, Arianna; Fabbiani, Massimiliano; Rossetti, Barbara; Rancan, Ilaria; Bargagli, Elena; Bergantini, Laura; D'Alessandro, Miriana; Cameli, Paolo; Bennet, David; Franchi, Federico; Anedda, Federico; Marcantonio, Simona; Scolletta, Sabino; Mazzei, Maria Antonietta; Guerrini, Susanna; Cantarini, Luca; Conticini, Edoardo; Frediani, Bruno; Tacconi, Danilo; Spertilli, Chiara; Feri, Marco; Donati, Alice; Scala, Raffaele; Guidelli, Luca; Spargi, Genni; Corridi, Marta; Nencioni, Cesira; Croci, Leonardo; Bandini, Maria; Spagnesi, Maurizio; Piacentini, Paolo; Desanctis, Elena; Cappelli, Silvia; Caldarelli, Gian Piero; Canaccini, Anna; Verzuri, Agnese; Anemoli, Valentina; Ognibene, Agostino; Pancrazi, Alessandro; Lorubbio, Maria; Monforte, Antonella D'Arminio; Merlini, Esther; Miraglia, Federica Gaia; Girardis, Massimo; Busani, Stefano; Venturelli, Sophie; Antinori, Andrea; Emiliozzi, Arianna; Vergori, Alessandra; Francisci, Daniela; Schiaroli, Elisabetta; Paciosi, Francesco; Scotton, Pier Giorgio; Andretta, Francesca; Panese, Sandro; Scaggiante, Renzo; Gatti, Francesca; Della Monica, Matteo; Piscopo, Carmelo; Capasso, Mario; Russo, Roberta; Andolfo, Immacolata; Iolascon, Achille; Merla, Giuseppe; Fiorentino, Giuseppe; Castori, Marco; Carella, Massimo; Aucella, Filippo; Di Biagio, Antonio; Bassetti, Matteo; Masucci, Luca; Guarnaccia, Alessandra; Sanguinetti, Maurizio; Valente, Serafina; De Vivo, Oreste; Mandala, Marco; Giorli, Alessia; Salerni, Lorenzo; Zucchi, Patrizia; Parravicini, Pierpaolo; Giannattasio, Ferdinando; Trotta, Tullio; Coiro, Gabriella; Mussini, Cristina; Bosio, Giancarlo; Martinelli, Enrico; Tavecchia, Luisa; Belli, Mary Ann; Mancarella, Sandro; Crotti, Lia; Parati, Gianfranco; Rizzi, Marco; Maggiolo, Franco; Ripamonti, Diego; La Rovere, Maria Teresa; Sarzi-Braga, Simona; Bussotti, Maurizio; Ravaglia, Sabrina; Sabrina, Ravaglia; Artuso, Rosangela; Perrella, Antonio; Romani, Davide; Bergomi, Paola; Catena, Emanuele; Colombo, Riccardo; Dei, Simona; Tanfoni, Marco; Raimondi, Francesco; Biscarini, Filippo; Stella, Alessandra; Bergomi, Mattia; Vecchia, Marco; Mantovani, Stefania; Zanella, Isabella; Cossarizza, Andrea; Parisi, Saverio Giuseppe; Baratti, Stefano; Squeo, Gabriella Maria; Raggi, Pamela; Marciano, Carmen; Perna, Rita; Menatti, Elisabetta; Lena, Fabio; Bachetti, Tiziana; Suardi, Claudia; Botta, Giordano; Di Domenico, Paolo; Trembath, Richard C; Huang, Qin Qin; Martin, Hilary C; Mason, Dan; Wright, John; Finer, Sarah; Akhtar, Shaheen; Anwar, Mohammad; Arciero, Elena; Ashraf, Samina; Breen, Gerome; Chung, Raymond; Curtis, Charles J; Chowdhury, Maharun; Colligan, Grainne; Deloukas, Panos; Durham, Ceri; Griffiths, Chris; Hurles, Matt; Hussain, Shapna; Islam, Kamrul; Khan, Ahsan; Khan, Amara; Lavery, Cath; Lee, Sang Hyuck; Lerner, Robin; MacArthur, Daniel; MacLaughlin, Bev; Martin, Hilary; Miah, Shefa; Newman, Bill; Safa, Nishat; Tahmasebi, Farah; Griffiths, Christopher J; Smith, Albert, V; Boughton, Andrew P; Li, Kevin W; LeFaive, Jonathon; Annis, Aubrey; Zollner, Sebastian; Wang, Jiongming; Beck, Andrew; Jannes, Cinthia E; Krieger, Jose E; Pereira, Alexandre C; Velho, Mariliza; Marques, Emanuelle; Lima, Isabella Ramos; Tada, Mauricio Teruo; Valino, Karina; McCarthy, Mark; Rosenberger, Carrie; Chang, Diana; Hammer, Christian; Hunkapiller, Julie; Mahajan, Anubha; Pendergrass, Sarah; Sucheston-Campbell, Lara; Yaspan, Brian; Lee, Jong Eun; Lee, Hyun Soo; Shin, Eunsoon; Jang, Hye Yoon; Kim, Sunmie; Kym, Sungmin; Kim, Yeon-Sook; Jeong, Hyeongseok; Alegria, Ana; Kwon, Ki Tae; Kim, Shin-Woo; Kim, Jin Yong; Jang, Young Rock; Kim, Hyun Ah; Lee, Ji Yeon; Lee, Jeong Eun; Lee, Shinwon; Choe, Kang-Won; Kang, Yu Min; Ha Jee, Sun; Jung, Keum Ji; Parikh, Victoria; Wheeler, Matthew; Dalton, Karen; Christle, Jeff; Gorzynski, John; de Jong, Hannah; Sutton, Shirley; Youlton, Nathan; Joshi, Ruchi; Jimenez-Morales, David; Hughes, Christopher; Amar, David; Hershman, Steve; Kirillova, Anna; Seo, Kinya; Huang, Yong; Raja, Archana; Zhen, Jimmy; Ashley, Euan; Bustamante, Carlos; Rivas, Manuel; Ioannidis, Alex; Pinksy, Benjamin; Shoura, Massa; Hammond, Nathan; Watson, Nathaniel; Huang, ChunHong; Sahoo, Malaya; Wang, Hannah; Febbo, Phillip; Farh, Kyle; Schroth, Gary P; DeSouza, Francis; Deboever, Christopher; Szalma, Sandor; Rubinacci, Simone; Delaneau, Olivier; McGuigan, Peter J; Wasson, Christopher; Finn, Stephanie; Green, Jackie; Collins, Erin; King, Bernadette; Moore, Luke Stephen Prockter; Vizcaychipi, Marcela Paola; de Almeida Martins, Laura Gomes; Carungcong, Jaime; Hall, Kathryn; Mapfunde, Isheunesu; Campbell, Andy; Smuts, Sara; Duffield, Joseph; Smith, Oliver; Mallon, Lewis; Claire, Watkins; Nichol, Ailstair; Brickell, Kathy; Smyth, Michelle; Murphy, Lorna; Ward, Geraldine; Bremmer, Pamela; Page, Valerie Joan; Carmody, Siobhain; Semple, Malcolm G; Solomon, Tom; Turtle, Lance C W; Hardwick, Hayley; Adeniji, Kayode; Agranoff, Daniel; Eziefula, Chi; Agwuh, Ken; Ail, Dhiraj; Aldera, Erin L; Allen, Louise; Beranova, Eva; Crisp, Nikki; Deery, Joanne; Hazelton, Tracy; Knight, Alicia; Price, Carly; Tilbey, Sorrell; Turki, Salah; Turney, Sharon; Angus, Brian; Ashish, Abdul; Atkinson, Dougal; Bari, Shahedal; Barlow, Gavin; Barnass, Stella; Barrett, Nicholas; Douthwaite, Sam; Ostermann, Marlies; Shankar-Hari, Manu; Bassford, Christopher; Basude, Sneha; Baxter, David; Beadsworth, Michael; Welters, Ingeborg; Bernatoniene, Jolanta; Berridge, John; Best, Nicola; Bothma, Pieter; Tupper-Carey, Darell; Chadwick, David; Brittain-Long, Robin; Bulteel, Naomi; Murphy, Lee; Wrobel, Nicola; McCafferty, Sarah; Morrice, Kirstie; MacLean, Alan; Burden, Tom; Burtenshaw, Andrew; Caruth, Vikki; Chambler, Duncan; Chee, Nigel; Child, Jenny; Chukkambotla, Srikanth; Clark, Tom; Collini, Paul; Evans, Cariad; Mills, Gary H; Ahmad, Norfaizan; Barker, Joann; Bauchmuller, Kris; Bird, Sarah; Cawthron, Kay; Harrington, Kate; Jackson, Yvonne; Kibutu, Faith; Lenagh, Becky; Masuko, Shamiso; Raithatha, Ajay; Wiles, Matthew; Willson, Jayne; Newell, Helen; Lye, Alison; Nwafor, Lorenza; Jarman, Claire; Rowland-Jones, Sarah; Foote, David; Cole, Joby; Thompson, Roger; Watson, James; Hesseldon, Lisa; Macharia, Irene; Chetam, Luke; Smith, Jacqui; Ford, Amber; Anderson, Samantha; Birchall, Kathryn; Housley, Kay; Walker, Sara; Milner, Leanne; Hanratty, Helena; Trower, Helen; Phillips, Patrick; Oxspring, Simon; Donne, Ben; Cosgrove, Catherine; Cupitt, Jason; Cutino-Moguel, Maria-Teresa; Dark, Paul; Dawson, Chris; Dervisevic, Samir; Drummond, Andrew; Ustianowski, Andrew; DuRand, Ingrid; Dushianthan, Ahilanadan; Dyer, Tristan; Fegan, Christopher; Finn, Adam; Fullerton, Duncan; Matovu, Elijah; Garg, Sanjeev; Garg, Atul; Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni; Moore, Elinoor; Godden, Jo; Goldsmith, Arthur; Graham, Clive; Hardy, Elaine; Hartshorn, Stuart; Harvey, Daniel; Havalda, Peter; Workman, Andrew; Hawcutt, Daniel B; Hobrok, Maria; Hodgson, Luke; Hormis, Anil; Jacobs, Michael; Jain, Susan; Jennings, Paul; Kaliappan, Agilan; Kasipandian, Vidya; Kegg, Stephen; Kelsey, Michael; Kerrison, Caroline; Kerslake, Ian; Koch, Oliver; Baruah, Rosie; Morris, Sheila; Ferguson, Susie; Shepherd, Amy; Koduri, Gouri; Koshy, George; Leiner, Tamas; Mortimore, Katherine; Laha, Shondipon; Laird, Steven; Larkin, Susan; Lillie, Patrick; Limb, James; Linnett, Vanessa; Little, Jeff; Lyttle, Mark; MacNaughton, Emily; Mankregod, Ravish; Masson, Huw; McCullough, Katherine; McEwen, Ruth; Wilson, Lawrence; Meda, Manjula; Minton, Jane; Ward, Karl; Mirfenderesky, Mariyam; Mohandas, Kavya; Mok, Quen; Moon, James; Capps, Nigel; Jose, Sanal; Morgan, Patrick; Morris, Craig; Moses, Samuel; Mpenge, Mbiye; Mulla, Rohinton; Murphy, Michael; Nagel, Megan; Nagarajan, Thapas; Nelson, Mark; O'Shea, Matthew K; Green, Christoper A; Otahal, Igor; Pais, Mark; Panchatsharam, Selva; Papakonstantinou, Danai; Bancroft, Hollie; Bellamy, Mary; Carmody, Margaret; Daglish, Jacqueline; Moore, Faye; Rhodes, Joanne; Sangombe, Mirriam; Kadiri, Salma; Scriven, James; Paraiso, Hassan; Patel, Brij; Pattison, Natalie; Pepperell, Justin; Phull, Mandeep; Pintus, Stefania; Pooni, Jagtur Singh; Post, Frank; Cavazza, Anna; Cockrell, Maeve; Corcoran, Eleanor; Depante, Maria; Finney, Clare; Jerome, Ellen; McPhail, Mark; Nayak, Monalisa; Noble, Harriet; O'Reilly, Kevin; Pappa, Evita; Saha, Rohit; Saha, Sian; Smith, John; Knighton, Abigail; Price, David; Prout, Rachel; Rae, Nikolas; Reschreiter, Henrik; Reynolds, Tim; Richardson, Neil; Roberts, Mark; Roberts, Devender; Rose, Alistair; Rousseau, Guy; Ryan, Brendan; Saluja, Taranprit; Shah, Aarti; Shanmuga, Prad; Sharma, Anil; Shawcross, Anna; Sizer, Jeremy; Bastion, Victoria; Clarke, Daphene; David, Beena; Kent, Harriet; Lorusso, Rachel; Lubimbi, Gamu; Murdoch, Sophie; Penacerrada, Melchizedek; Thomas, Alastair; Valentine, Jennifer; Vochin, Ana; Wulandari, Retno; Djeugam, Brice; Smith, Richard; Snelson, Catherine; Whitehouse, Tony; Spittle, Nick; Staines, Nikki; Visuvanathan, Shico; Stambach, Tom; Stewart, Richard; Subudhi, Pradeep; Szakmany, Tamas; Tatham, Kate; Thomas, Jo; Thompson, Chris; Tridente, Ascanio; Twagira, Mary; Vallotton, Nick; Vincent-Smith, Lisa; Vuylsteke, Alan; Waddy, Sam; Wake, Rachel; Walden, Andrew; Whittaker, Paul; Whittington, Ashley; Papineni, Padmasayee; Wijesinghe, Meme; Winchester, Stephen; Wiselka, Martin; Wolverson, Adam; Wooton, Daniel G; Yates, Bryan; Young, Peter; Beale, Rupert; Hinds, Charles; Gountouna, Elvina; Porteous, David J; Harrison, David; Rowan, Kathy; Band, Gavin; Klenerman, Paul; Knight, Julian; Bogaert, Debby; Shen, Xia; Yang, Zhijian; Zhai, Ranran; Zheng, Chenqing; Bulik, Cynthia M; Landen, Mikael; Fundin, Bengt; Wu, Yang; Yang, Jian; Norman, Lisa; Pius, Riinu; Drake, Thomas M; Fairfield, Cameron J; Knight, Stephen R; Mclean, Kenneth A; Murphy, Derek; Shaw, Catherine A; Docherty, Annemarie B; Harrison, Ewen M; Dalton, Jo; Girvan, Michelle; Saviciute, Egle; Roberts, Stephanie; Harrison, Janet; Marsh, Laura; Connor, Marie; Halpin, Sophie; Jackson, Clare; Gamble, Carrol; Donohue, Chloe; Leeming, Gary; Wham, Murray; Scott-Brown, James; Alex, Beatrice; Bach, Benjamin; Begg, Colin; Ho, Antonia Ying Wai; Horby, Peter W; Ling, Lowell; Maslove, David; McAuley, Danny; Montgomery, Hugh; Nichol, Alistair; Openshaw, Peter J M; Thwaites, Ryan S; Moore, Shona C; Summers, Charlotte; Armstrong, Lisa; Bates, Hayley; Dooks, Emma; Farquhar, Fiona; Hairsine, Brigid; McParland, C; Packham, Sophie; Alldis, Zoe; Astin-Chamberlain, Raine; Bibi, Fatima; Biddle, Jack; Blow, Sarah; Bolton, Matthew; Borra, Catherine; Bowles, Ruth; Burton, Maudrian; Choudhury, Yasmin; Collier, David; Cox, Amber; Easthope, Amy; Ebano, Patrizia; Fotiadis, Stavros; Gurasashvili, Jana; Halls, Rosslyn; Hartridge, Pippa; Kallon, Delordson; Kassam, Jamila; Lancoma-Malcolm, Ivone; Matharu, Maninderpal; May, Peter; Mitchelmore, Oliver; Newman, Tabitha; Patel, Mital; Pheby, Jane; Pinzuti, Irene; Prime, Zoe; Prysyazhna, Oleksandra; Shiel, Julian; Taylor, Melanie; Tierney, Carey; Wood, Suzanne; Zak, Anne; Zongo, Olivier; Forsey, Miranda; Nicholson, Anne; Riches, Joanne; Vertue, Mark; Grauslyte, Lina; Hussain, Musarat; Pogreban, Tatiana; Rosaroso, Lace; Salciute, Erika; Franke, George; Wong, Joanna; George, Aparna; Akeroyd, Louise; Bano, Shereen; Bromley, Matt; Gurr, Lucy; Lawton, Tom; Morgan, James; Sellick, Kirsten; Warren, Deborah; Wilkinson, Brian; McGowan, Janet; Ledgard, Camilla; Stacey, Amelia; Pye, Kate; Bellwood, Ruth; Bentley, Michael; Loosley, Ronda; McGuinness, Heather; Tench, Helen; Wolf-Roberts, Rebecca; Gibson, Sian; Lyle, Amanda; McNeela, Fiona; Radhakrishnan, Jayachandran; Hughes, Alistair; Ali, Asifa; Brady, Megan; Dale, Sam; Dance, Annalisa; Gledhill, Lisa; Greig, Jill; Hanson, Kathryn; Holdroyd, Kelly; Home, Marie; Kelly, Diane; Kitson, Ross; Matapure, Lear; Melia, Deborah; Mellor, Samantha; Nortcliffe, Tonicha; Pinnell, Jez; Robinson, Matthew; Shaw, Lisa; Shaw, Ryan; Thomis, Lesley; Wilson, Alison; Wood, Tracy; Bayo, Lee-Ann; Merwaha, Ekta; Ishaq, Tahira; Hanley, Sarah; Antcliffe, David; Banach, Dorota; Brett, Stephen; Coghlan, Phoebe; Fernandez, Ziortza; Gordon, Anthony; Rojo, Roceld; Arias, Sonia Sousa; Templeton, Maie; Jha, Rajeev; Krishnamurthy, Vinodh; Lim, Lai; Lim, Li; Bi, Rehana; Scholefield, Barney; Ashton, Lydia; Williams, Alison; Cheyne, Claire; Saunderson, Anne; Moultrie, Sam; Odam, M; Allan, Angela; Anderson, Felicity; Kaye, Callum; Liew, Jade; Medhora, Jasmine; Scott, Teresa; Trumper, Erin; Botello, Adriana; Polgarova, Petra; Stroud, Katerina; Meaney, Eoghan; Jones, Megan; Ng, Anthony; Agrawal, Shruti; Pathan, Nazima; White, Deborah; Daubney, Esther; Elston, Kay; Parker, Robert; Reddy, Amie; Turner-Bone, Ian; Wilding, Laura; Harding, Peter; Jacob, Reni; Jones, Cathy; Denmade, Craig; Croft, Maria; White, Ian; Griffin, Denise; Muchenje, Nycola; Mupudzi, Mcdonald; Partridge, Richard; Conyngham, Jo-Anna; Thomas, Rachel; Wright, Mary; Corral, Maria Alvarez; Dawson, Joy; Garrioch, Sweyn; Tolson, Melanie; Aldridge, Jonathan; Beavis, Sarah; Dale, Katie; Gascoyne, Rachel; Hawes, Joanne; Pritchard, Kelly; Stevenson, Lesley; Whileman, Amanda; Cowley, Anne; Highgate, Judith; Crawley, Rikki; Crew, Abigail; Cunningham, Mishell; Daniels, Allison; Harrison, Laura; Hope, Susan; Inweregbu, Ken; Jones, Sian; Lancaster, Nicola; Matthews, Jamie; Nicholson, Alice; Wray, Gemma; Benham, Leonie; Bradshaw, Zena; Brown, Joanna; Caswell, Melanie; Melling, Sarah; Preston, Stephen; Slawson, Nicola; Stoddard, Emma; Warden, Scott; Combes, Edward; Joefield, Teishel; Monnery, Sonja; Beech, Valerie; Trotman, Sallyanne; Hopkins, Bridget; Thrasyvoulou, Laura; Willis, Heather; Anderson, Susan; Birch, Janine; Collins, Emma; Hammerton, Kate; O'Leary, Ryan; Andrews, Eleanor; Abernathy, Caroline; Foster, Louise; Gratrix, Andrew; Martinson, Vicky; Parkinson, Priyai; Stones, Elizabeth; Carbral-Ortega, Llucia; Kapoor, Ritoo; Loader, David; Castle, Karen; Brandwood, Craig; Smith, Lara; Clark, Richard; Birchall, Katie; Kolakaluri, Laurel; Baines, Deborah; Sukumaran, Anila; Meredith, Megan; Morris, Lucy; Ryan, Lucy; Clark, Amy; Sampson, Julia; Peters, Cecilia; Dent, Martin; Langley, Margaret; Ashraf, Saima; Wei, Shuying; Andrew, Angela; Chablani, Manish; Kirkby, Amy; Netherton, Kimberley; Bates, Michelle; Dasgin, Jo; Gill, Jaspret; Nilsson, Annette; Apetri, Elena; Basikolo, Cathrine; Blackledge, Bethan; Catlow, Laura; Charles, Bethan; Doonan, Reece; Harris, Jade; Harvey, Alice; Horner, Daniel; Knowles, Karen; Lee, Stephanie; Lomas, Diane; Lyons, Chloe; Marsden, Tracy; McLaughlan, Danielle; McMorrow, Liam; Pendlebury, Jessica; Perez, Jane; Poulaka, Maria; Proudfoot, Nicola; Slaughter, Melanie; Slevin, Kathryn; Thomas, Vicky; Walker, Danielle; Michael, Angiy; Collis, Matthew; Clark, Martyn; Coulding, Martina; Jude, Edward; McCormick, Jacqueline; Mercer, Oliver; Potla, Darsh; Rehman, Hafiz; Savill, Heather; Turner, Victoria; Davey, Miriam; Golden, David; Seaman, Rebecca; Hunt, Jodie; Dearden, Joy; Dobson, Emma; Mulcahy, Michelle; Munt, Sheila; O'Connor, Grainne; Philbin, Jennifer; Rishton, Chloe; Tully, Redmond; Winnard, Sarah; Cagova, Lenka; Fofano, Adama; Garner, Lucie; Holcombe, Helen; Mepham, Sue; Mitchell, Alice Michael; Mwaura, Lucy; Praman, K; Vuylsteke, Alain; Zamikula, Julie; Bercades, Georgia; Brealey, David; Hass, Ingrid; MacCallum, Niall; Martir, Gladys; Raith, Eamon; Reyes, Anna; Smyth, Deborah; Taylor, Abigail; Hughes, Rachel Anne; Thomas, Helen; Rees, Alun; Duskova, Michaela; Phipps, Janet; Brooks, Suzanne; Edwards, Michelle; Alexander, Peter; Allen, Schvearn; Bradley-Potts, Joanne; Brantwood, Craig; Egan, Jasmine; Felton, Timothy; Padden, Grace; Ward, Luke; Moss, Stuart; Glasgow, Susannah; Beesley, Kate; Board, Sarah; Kubisz-Pudelko, Agnieszka; Lewis, Alison; Perry, Jess; Pippard, Lucy; Wood, Di; Buckley, Clare; Brown, Alison; Gregory, Jane; O'Connell, Susan; Smith, Tim; Belagodu, Zakaula; Fuller, Bridget; Gherman, Anca; Olufuwa, Olumide; Paramsothy, Remi; Stuart, Carmel; Oakley, Naomi; Kamundi, Charlotte; Tyl, David; Collins, Katy; Silva, Pedro; Taylor, June; King, Laura; Coates, Charlotte; Crowley, Maria; Wakefield, Phillipa; Beadle, Jane; Johnson, Laura; Sargeant, Janet; Anderson, Madeleine; Jardine, Catherine; Williams, Dewi; Parris, Victoria; Quaid, Sheena; Watson, Ekaterina; Melville, Julie; Naisbitt, Jay; Joseph, Rosane; Lazo, Maria; Walton, Olivia; Neal, Alan; Hill, Michaela; Kannan, Thogulava; Wild, Laura; Allan, Elizabeth; Darlington, Kate; Davies, Ffyon; Easton, Jack; Kumar, Sumit; Lean, Richard; Menzies, Daniel; Pugh, Richard; Qiu, Xinyi; Davies, Llinos; Williams, Hannah; Scanlon, Jeremy; Davies, Gwyneth; Mackay, Callum; Lewis, Joannne; Rees, Stephanie; Coetzee, Samantha; Gales, Alistair; Raj, Meena; Sell, Craig; Langton, Helen; Watters, Malcolm; Novis, Catherine; Arbane, Gill; Bociek, Aneta; Campos, Sara; Grau, Neus; Jones, Tim Owen; Lim, Rosario; Marotti, Martina; Whitton, Christopher; Barron, Anthony; Collins, Ciara; Kaul, Sundeep; Passmore, Heather; Prendergast, Claire; Reed, Anna; Rogers, Paula; Shokkar, Rajvinder; Woodruff, Meriel; Middleton, Hayley; Polgar, Oliver; Nolan, Claire; Thwaites, Vicky; Mahay, Kanta; Sri-Chandana, Chunda; Scherewode, Joslan; Stephenson, Lorraine; Marsh, Sarah; Ayers, Amanda; Harrison, Wendy; North, Julie; Gill, Mandy; Paul, Paul; Ratnam, Valli; Shelton, Sarah; Wynter, Inez; Baptista, David; Crowe, Rebecca; Fernandes, Rita; Herdman-Grant, Rosaleen; Joseph, Anna; Loveridge, Adam; McKenley, India; Morino, Eriko; Naranjo, Andres; Simms, Richard; Sollesta, Kathryn; Swain, Andrew; Venkatesh, Harish; Khera, Jacyntha; Fox, Jonathan; Barber, Russell; Hewitt, Claire; Hilldrith, Annette; Jackson-Lawrence, Karen; Shepardson, Sarah; Wills, Maryanne; Butler, Susan; Tavares, Silvia; Cunningham, Amy; Hindale, Julia; Arif, Sarwat; George, Linsha; Twiss, Sophie; Wright, David; Holland, Maureen; Keenan, Natalie; Lyons, Marc; Wassall, Helen; Marsh, Chris; Mahenthran, Mervin; Carter, Emma; Kong, Thomas; Adanini, Oluronke; Bhatia, Nikhil; Msiska, Maines; Mew, Louise; Mwaura, Esther; Williams, Felicity; Wren, Lynn; Sutherland, Sara-Beth; Battle, Ceri; Brinkworth, Elaine; Harford, Rachel; Murphy, Carl; Newey, Luke; Rees, Tabitha; Williams, Marie; Arnold, Sophie; Hardy, John; Houlden, Henry; Moncur, Eleanor; Tariq, Ambreen; Tucci, Arianna; Convery, Karen; Fottrell-Gould, Deirdre; Hudig, Lisa; Keshet-Price, Jocelyn; Randell, Georgina; Stammers, Katie; Abdelrazik, Marwa; Bakthavatsalam, Dhanalakshmi; Elhassan, Munzir; Ganesan, Arunkumar; Haldeos, Anne; Moreno-Cuesta, Jeronimo; Purohit, Dharam; Vincent, Rachel; Xavier, Kugan; Rohit, Kumar; Alasdair, Frater; Saleem, Malik; David, Carter; Jenkins, Samuel; Lamond, Zoe; Wall, Alanna; Reynolds, Jessica; Campbell, Helen; Thompsom, Maria; Dodds, Steve; Duffy, Stacey; Butcher, Deborah; O'Sullivan, Susie; Butterworth-Cowin, Nicola; Deacon, Bethan; Hibbert, Meg; Pothecary, Carla; Tetla, Dariusz; Woodford, Christopher; Durga, Latha; Kennard-Holden, Gareth; De Gordoa, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz; Peasgood, Emily; Phillips, Claire; Skinner, Denise; Gaylard, Jane; Mullan, Dee; Newman, Julie; Davies, Ellie; Roche, Lisa; Sathe, Sonia; Brimfield, Lutece; Daly, Zoe; Pogson, David; Rose, Steve; Collins, Amy; Khaliq, Waqas; Gude, Estefania Treus; Giles, Julian; Booth, Simon; Bell, Gillian; English, Katy; Katary, Amro; Wilcox, Louise; Campbell, Rachael; Clarke, Noreen; Whiteside, Jonathan; Mascarenhas, Mairi; Donaldson, Avril; Matheson, Joanna; Barrett, Fiona; O'Hara, Marianne; O'Keefe, Laura; Bradley, Clare; Collier, Dawn; Walker, Rachel; Maynard, Victoria; Patel, Tahera; Smith, Matthew; Kazi, Aayesha; Hartley, Janice; Dykes, Joseph; Hijazi, Muhammad; Keith, Sarah; Khan, Meherunnisa; Ryan-Smith, Janet; Springle, Philippa; Thomas, Jacqueline; Truman, Nick; Saad, Samuel; Coleman, Dabheoc; Fine, Christopher; Matt, Roseanna; Gay, Bethan; Dalziel, Jack; Ali, Syamlan; Goodchild, Drew; Harling, Rhiannan; Bhatterjee, Ravi; Goddard, Wendy; Davison, Chloe; Duberly, Stephen; Hargreaves, Jeanette; Bolton, Rachel; Verlander, Mark; Williams, Alexandra; Blackman, Helen; Creagh-Brown, Ben; Donlon, Sinead; Michalak-Glinska, Natalia; Mtuwa, Sheila; Pristopan, Veronika; Salberg, Armorel; Smith, Eleanor; Stone, Sarah; Piercy, Charles; Verula, Jerik; Burda, Dorota; Montaser, Rugia; Harden, Lesley; Mayangao, Irving; Marriott, Cheryl; Bradley, Paul; Harris, Celia; Cooper, Joshua; Finch, Cheryl; Liderth, Sarah; Quinn, Alison; Waddington, Natalia; Fidler, Katy; Tagliavini, Emma; Donnelly, Kevin; Abel, Lynn; Brett, Michael; Digby, Brian; Gemmell, Lisa; Hornsby, James; MacGoey, Patrick; O'Neil, Pauline; Price, Richard; Rodden, Natalie; Rooney, Kevin; Sundaram, Radha; Thomson, Nicola; Flanagan, Rebecca; Hughes, Gareth; Latham, Scott; McKenna, Emma; Anderson, Jennifer; Hull, Robert; Rhead, Kat; Branney, Debbie; Frankham, Jordan; Pitts, Sally; White, Nigel; Cristiano, Daniele; Dormand, Natalie; Farzad, Zohreh; Gummadi, Mahitha; Liyanage, Kamal; Salmi, Sara; Sloane, Geraldine; Varghese, Mathew; Zborowski, Anelise C; Patel, Brijesh, V; Bean, Sarah; Burt, Karen; Spivey, Michael; Eastgate-Jackson, Christine; Filipe, Helder; Martin, Daniel; Maharajh, Amitaa; Garcia, Sara Mingo; De Neef, Mark; Lynch, Ceri; Howe, Gwenllian Sera; Singh, Jayaprakash; Turner, Keri; Ellis, Hannah; Stroud, Natalie; Cherian, Shiney; Cutler, Sean; Heron, Anne Emma; Roynon-Reed, Anna; Williams, Gemma; Richards, Owen; Cheema, Yusuf; Bevan, Emily; Martin, Jane; Trodd, Dawn; Watson, Geoff; Brown, Caroline Wrey; Bunni, Lara; Jennings, Claire; Latif, Monica; Marshall, Rebecca; Subramanian, Gayathri; Bandla, Nageswar; Gellamucho, Minnie; Davies, Michelle; Thompson, Christopher; Donnison, Phil; Trim, Fiona; Eapen, Beena; Ahmed, Cecilia; Baines, Balvinder; Clamp, Sarah; Colley, Julie; Haq, Risna; Hayes, Anne; Hulme, Jonathan; Hussain, Samia; Joseph, Sibet; Kumar, Rita; Maqsood, Zahira; Purewal, Manjit; Chandler, Ben; Elliott, Kerry; Mallinson, Janine; Turnbull, Alison; Dent, Kathy; Horsley, Elizabeth; Akhtar, Muhmmad Nauman; Pearson, Sandra; Potoczna, Dorota; Spencer, Sue; Blakemore, Hayley; Borislavova, Borislava; Faulkner, Beverley; Gendall, Emma; Goff, Elizabeth; Hayes, Kati; Thomas, Matt; Worner, Ruth; Smith, Kerry; Stephens, Deanna; Delgado, Carlos Castro; Dawson, Deborah; Ding, Lijun; Durrant, Georgia; Ezeobu, Obiageri; Farnell-Ward, Sarah; Harrison, Abiola; Kanu, Rebecca; Leaver, Susannah; Maccacari, Elena; Manna, Soumendu; Saluzzio, Romina Pepermans; Queiroz, Joana; Samakomva, Tinashe; Sicat, Christine; Texeira, Joana; Da Gloria, Edna Fernandes; Lisboa, Ana; Rawlins, John; Mathew, Jisha; Kinch, Ashley; Hurt, William James; Shah, Nirav; Clark, Victoria; Thanasi, Maria; Yun, Nikki; Patel, Kamal; Crickmore, Vikki; Debreceni, Gabor; Wilkins, Joy; Nicol, Liz; Burn, Iona; Hambrook, Geraldine; Manso, Katarina; Penn, Ruth; Shanmugasundaram, Pradeep; Tebbutt, Julie; Thornton, Danielle; Rostron, Anthony; Roy, Alistair; Woods, Lindsey; Cornell, Sarah; Wakinshaw, Fiona; Rogerson, Kimberley; Jarmain, Jordan; Anderson, Peter; Archer, Katie; Austin, Karen; Davis, Caroline; Durie, Alison; Kelsall, Olivia; Thrush, Jessica; Vigurs, Charlie; Wood, Hannah-Louise; Tranter, Helen; Harrison, Alison; Cowley, Nicholas; McAlindon, Michael; Digby, Stephen; Low, Emma; Morgan, Aled; Cother, Naiara; Rankin, Tobias; Clayton, Sarah; McCurdy, Alex; Allibone, Suzanne; Mary-Genetu, Roman; Patel, Amit; Mac, Ainhi; Murphy, Anthony; Mahjoob, Parisa; Nazari, Roonak; Worsley, Lucy; Fagan, Andrew; Ali, Inthakab Ali Mohamed; Beaumont, Karen; Blunt, Mark; Coton, Zoe; Curgenven, Hollie; Elsaadany, Mohamed; Fernandes, Kay; Ally, Sameena Mohamed; Rangarajan, Harini; Sarathy, Varun; Selvanayagam, Sivarupan; Vedage, Dave; White, Matthew; Fernandez-Roman, Jaime; Hamilton, David O; Johnson, Emily; Johnston, Brian; Martinez, Maria Lopez; Mulla, Suleman; Shaw, David; Waite, Alicia A C; Waugh, Victoria; Welters, Ingeborg D; Williams, Karen; Bemand, Thomas; Black, Ethel; Dela Rosa, Arnold; Howle, Ryan; Jhanji, Shaman; Baikady, Ravishankar Rao; Tatham, Kate Colette; Thomas, Benjamin; Halkes, Matthew; Mercer, Pauline; Thornton, Lorraine; West, Joe; Baird, Tracy; Ruddy, Jim; Reece-Anthony, Rosie; Birt, Mark; Cowton, Amanda; Kay, Andrea; Kent, Melanie; Potts, Kathryn; Wilkinson, Ami; Naylor, Suzanne; Brown, Ellen; Clark, Michele; Purvis, Sarah; Cole, Jade; Davies, Rhys; Duffin, Donna; Hill, Helen; Player, Ben; Thomas, Emma; Williams, Angharad; Beith, Claire Marie; Black, Karen; Clements, Suzanne; Morrison, Alan; Strachan, Dominic; Taylor, Margaret; Clarkson, Michelle; D'Sylva, Stuart; Norman, Kathryn; Coventry, Tina; Fowler, Susan; MacMahon, Michael; McGregor, Amanda; Brady, Ailbhe; Chan, Rebekah; McIvor, Shane; Prady, Helena; Whittle, Helen; Mathew, Bijoy; Clapham, Melanie; Harper, Rosemary; Poultney, Una; Rice, Polly; Mutch, Rachel; Baird, Yolanda; Butler, Aaron; Chadbourn, Indra; Folkes, Linda; Fox, Heather; Gardner, Amy; Gomez, Raquel; Hobden, Gillian; King, Kirsten; Margarson, Michael; Martindale, Tim; Meadows, Emma; Raynard, Dana; Thirlwall, Yvette; Helm, David; Margalef, Jordi; Greer, Sandra; Shuker, Karen; Birkinshaw, Isobel; Carter, Joseph; Howard, Kate; Ingham, Joanne; Joy, Rosie; Pearson, Harriet; Roche, Samantha; Scott, Zoe; Knights, Ellen; Price, Alicia; Thomas, Alice; Thorpe, Chris; Abraheem, Azmerelda; Bamford, Peter; Cawley, Kathryn; Dunmore, Charlie; Faulkner, Maria; Girach, Rumanah; Jeffrey, Helen; Jones, Rhianna; London, Emily; Nagra, Imrun; Nasir, Farah; Sainsbury, Hannah; Smedley, Clare; Khade, Reena; Sundar, Ashok; Tsinaslanidis, George; Behan, Teresa; Burnett, Caroline; Hatton, Jonathan; Heeney, Elaine; Mitra, Atideb; Newton, Maria; Pollard, Rachel; Stead, Rachael; Birch, Jenny; Bough, Laura; Goodsell, Josie; Tutton, Rebecca; Williams, Patricia; Williams, Sarah; Winter-Goodwin, Barbara; Auld, Fiona; Donnachie, Joanne; Edmond, Ian; Prentice, Lynn; Runciman, Nikole; Salutous, Dario; Symon, Lesley; Todd, Anne; Turner, Patricia; Short, Abigail; Sweeney, Laura; Murdoch, Euan; Senaratne, Dhaneesha; Burns, Karen; Higham, Andrew; Anderson, Taya; Hawcutt, Dan; O'Malley, Laura; Rad, Laura; Rogers, Naomi; Saunderson, Paula; Allison, Kathryn Sian; Afolabi, Deborah; Whitbread, Jennifer; Jones, Dawn; Dore, Rachael; Lankester, Liana; Nikitas, Nikitas; Wells, Colin; Stowe, Bethan; Spencer, Kayleigh; Cathcart, Susanne; Duffy, Katharine; Puxty, Alex; Puxty, Kathryn; Turner, Lynne; Ireland, Jane; Semple, Gary; Hilltout, Paula; Evitts, Jayne; Tyler, Amanda; Waldron, Joanne; Irvine, Val; Shelley, Benjamin; Akinkugbe, Olugbenga; Bamford, Alasdair; Beech, Emily; Belfield, Holly; Bell, Michael; Davies, Charlene; Jones, Gareth A L; McHugh, Tara; Meghari, Hamza; O'Neill, Lauran; Peters, Mark J; Ray, Samiran; Tomas, Ana Luisa; Gorman, Claire; Gupta, Abhinav; Timlick, Elizabeth; Brady, Rebecca; Bonner, Stephen; Hugill, Keith; Jones, Jessica; Liggett, Steven; Bashyal, Archana; Davidson, Neil; Hutton, Paula; McKechnie, Stuart; Wilson, Jean; Flint, Neil; Rekha, Patel; Hales, Dawn; Cruz, Carina; Gopal, Shameer; Harris, Nichola; Lake, Victoria; Metherell, Stella; Radford, Elizabeth; Clement, Ian; Patel, Bijal; Gulati, A; Hays, Carole; Webster, K; Hudson, Anne; Webster, Andrea; Stephenson, Elaine; McCormack, Louise; Slater, Victoria; Nixon, Rachel; Hanson, Helen; Fearby, Maggie; Kelly, Sinead; Bridgett, Victoria; Robinson, Philip; Almaden-Boyle, Christine; Austin, Pauline; Cabrelli, Louise; Cole, Stephen; Casey, Matt; Chapman, Susan; Whyte, Clare; Brayne, Adam; Fisher, Emma; Hunt, Jane; Jackson, Peter; Kaye, Duncan; Love, Nicholas; Parkin, Juliet; Tuckey, Victoria; van Koutrik, Lynne; Carter, Sasha; Andrew, Benedict; Findlay, Louise; Adams, Katie; Bruce, Michelle; Connolly, Karen; Duncan, Tracy; T-Michael, Helen; Lindergard, Gabriella; Hey, Samuel; Fox, Claire; Alfonso, Jordan; Durrans, Laura Jayne; Guerin, Jacinta; Hruska, Martin; Eltayeb, Ayaa; Lamb, Thomas; Hodgkiss, Tracey; Cooper, Lisa; Rothwell, Joanne; Dennis, Catherine; McGregor, Alastair; Srikaran, Sinduya; Sukha, Anisha; Davies, Kim; O'Brien, Linda; Omar, Zohra; Perkins, Emma; Lewis, Tracy; Sutherland, Isobel; Brooke, Hollie; Buckley, Sarah; Suarez, Jose Cebrian; Charlesworth, Ruth; Hansson, Karen; Norris, John; Poole, Alice; Rose, Alastair; Sandhu, Rajdeep; Sloan, Brendan; Smithson, Elizabeth; Thirumaran, Muthu; Wagstaff, Veronica; Metcalfe, Alexandra; Camsooksai, Julie; Humphrey, Charlotte; Jenkins, Sarah; Wadams, Beverley; DeAth, Yasmin; Adams, Colene; Agasou, Anita; Bowes, Amy; Boyle, Pauline; Carnahan, Mandy; Carter, Anne; Childs, Danielle; Hard, Kelly; Hussain, Yasmin; Leigh, Michael; Rikunenko, Rachel; Stickley, Jo; Tivenan, Helen; Wilcox, Rebecca; Arden, Tracie; Beekes, Mandy; Button, Heather; Donaldson, Denise; Hurford, Fran; Javaid, Ayesha; Jones, James; Martin, Terry; Millward, Helen; Motherwell, Nichola; Summers, Julie; Ting, Louise; Tonks, Louise; Bokhari, Maria; Lucas, Rachael; McCormick, Wendy; Ritzema, Jenny; Sanderson, Amanda; Wild, Helen; Baxter, Nicola; Henderson, Steven; Kennedy-Hay, Sophie; McParland, Christopher; Rooney, Laura; Sim, Malcolm; McCreath, Gordan; Brunton, Mark; Caterson, Jess; Coles, Holly; Frise, Matthew; Rai, Sabi Gurung; Jacques, Nicola; Keating, Liza; Tilney, Emma; Bartley, Shauna; Bhuie, Parminder; Downes, Charlotte; Holding, Kathleen; Riches, Katie; Hilton, Mary; Hayman, Mel; Subramanian, Deepak; Daniel, Priya; Zitter, Letizia; Benyon, Sarah; Marriott, Suzie; Park, Linda; Keenan, Samantha; Gordon, Elizabeth; Quinn, Helen; Baines, Kizzy; Andrew, Gillian; Barclay, Lucy; Callaghan, Marie; Clark, Sarah; Hope, Dave; Marshall, Lucy; McCulloch, Corrienne; Briton, Kate; Singleton, Jo; Birch, Sophie; Simpson, Kerry; Craig, Jayne; Demetriou, Carrie; Eckbad, Charlotte; Hierons, Sarah; Howie, Lucy; Mitchard, Sarah; Ramos, Lidia; Serrano-Ruiz, Alfredo; White, Katie; Kelly, Fiona; Amin, Vishal; Anastasescu, Elena; Anumakonda, Vikram; Karthik, Komala; Kausar, Rizwana; Reid, Karen; Smith, Jacqueline; Imeson-Wood, Janet; Bellini, Arianna; Bryant, Jade; Mayer, Anton; Pickard, Amy; Roe, Nicholas; Sowter, Jason; Howlett, Alex; Criste, Kristine; Cusack, Rebecca; Golder, Kim; Golding, Hannah; Jones, Oliver; Leggett, Samantha; Male, Michelle; Marani, Martyna; Prager, Kirsty; Williams, Toran; Roberts, Belinda; Salmon, Karen; Gondo, Prisca; Hadebe, B; Kayani, Abdul; Masunda, Bridgett; Ahmed, Ashar; Morris, Anna; Jakkula, Srinivas; Long, Kate; Whiteley, Simon; Wilby, Elizabeth; Ogg, Bethan; Bewley, Jeremy; Garland, Zoe; Grimmer, Lisa; Gumbrill, Bethany; Johnson, Rebekah; Sweet, Katie; Webster, Denise; Efford, Georgia; Bennett, Sara; Goodwin, Emma; Jackson, Matthew; Kent, Alissa; Tibke, Clare; Woodyatt, Wiesia; Zaki, Ahmed; Daniel, Amelia; Finn, Joanne; Saha, Rajnish; Allan, J; Geary, T; Houston, Gordon; Meikle, A; O'Brien, P; Bell, Dina; Boyle, Rosalind; Douglas, Katie; Glass, Lynn; Lee, Emma; Lennon, Liz; Rattray, Austin; Charnock, Rob; McFarland, Denise; Cosgrove, Denise; Attwood, Ben; Parsons, Penny; Oblak, Metod; Popescu, Monica; Thankachen, Mini; Altabaibeh, Abdelhakim; Alvaro, Ana; Gilbert, Kayleigh; Ma, Louise; Mostoles, Loreta; Parmar, Chetan; Simpson, Kathryn; Jetha, Champa; Booker, Lauren; Pratley, Anezka; Cosier, Tracey; Millen, Gemma; Schumacher, Natasha; Weston, Heather; Rand, James; Barclay, Wendy S; Chand, Meera; Cooke, Graham S; Sriskandan, Shiranee; Dunning, Jake; Zambon, Maria; Filipe, Ana da Silva; Palmarini, Massimo; Robertson, David L; Scott, Janet T; Thomson, Emma C; McDonald, Sarah E; Fletcher, Tom; Hiscox, Julian A; Ijaz, Samreen; Khoo, Saye; Lim, Wei Shen; Mentzer, Alexander J; Merson, Laura; Sigfrid, Louise; Carson, Gail; Noursadeghi, Mahdad; Paxton, William A; Pollakis, Georgios; Price, Nicholas; Rambaut, Andrew; Sancho-Shimizu, Vanessa; de Silva, Thushan; Stuart, David; Tedder, Richard S; Thompson, A A Roger; Gupta, Rishi K; Palmieri, Carlo; Swann, Olivia, V; Dumas, Marc-Emmanuel; Griffin, Julian L; Takats, Zoltan; Andrikopoulos, Petros; Osagie, Anthonia; Olanipekun, Michael; Liggi, Sonia; Chechi, Kanta; Lewis, Matthew R; Correia, Goncalo dos Santos; Sands, Caroline J; Takis, Panteleimon; Maslen, Lynn; Greenhalf, William; Shaw, Victoria; Cole, Sarah; Ahmed, Katie A; Armstrong, Jane A; Ashworth, Milton; Asiimwe, Innocent G; Bakshi, Siddharth; Barlow, Samantha L; Booth, Laura; Bullock, Katie; Catterall, Benjamin W A; Clark, Jordan J; Clarke, Emily A; Cooper, Louise; Cox, Helen; Davis, Christopher; Dincarslan, Oslem; Dunn, Chris; Dyer, Philip; Elliott, Angela; Evans, Anthony; Finch, Lorna; Fisher, Lewis W S; Foster, Terry; Garcia-Dorival, Isabel; Gunning, Philip; Hartley, Catherine; Jensen, Rebecca L; Jones, Christopher B; Jones, Trevor R; Khandaker, Shadia; King, Katharine; Kiy, Robyn T; Koukorava, Chrysa; Lant, Suzannah; Latawiec, Diane; Lavelle-Langham, Lara; Lett, Lauren; Livoti, Lucia A; Mancini, Maria; McDonald, Sarah; McEvoy, Laurence; Metelmann, Soeren; Miah, Nahida S; Middleton, Joanna; Mitchell, Joyce; Murphy, Ellen G; Penrice-Randal, Rebekah; Pilgrim, Jack; Prince, Tessa; Reynolds, Will; Ridley, P Matthew; Sales, Debby; Shaw, Victoria E; Shears, Rebecca K; Small, Benjamin; Subramaniam, Krishanthi S; Szemiel, Agnieska; Tanianis-Hughes, Jolanta; Thomas, Jordan; Trochu, Erwan; van Tonder, Libby; Wilcock, Eve; Zhang, J Eunice; Flaherty, Lisa; Maziere, Nicole; Cass, Emily; Carracedo, Alejandra Doce; Carlucci, Nicola; Holmes, Anthony; Massey, Hannah; Brennan, Benjamin; Lake, Annette; Lefteri, Daniella; McLauchlan, John; Taggart, Aislynn; Coutts, Audrey; Donnelly, Lorna; Fawkes, Angie; Gilchrist, Tammy; Hafezi, Katarzyna; Macgillivray, Louise; Schon, Katherine; Furlong, Anita; Biggs, Heather; Rakitko, Alexander; Ilinsky, Valery; Yermakovich, Danat; Popov, Iaroslav; Chernitsov, Alexander; Kovalenko, Elena; Krasnenko, Anna; Plotnikov, Nikolay; Stetsenko, Ivan; Kim, Anna; Cirulli, Elizabeth T; Barrett, Kelly M Schiabor; Bolze, Alexandre; White, Simon; Washington, Nicole L; Lu, James T; Riffle, Stephen; Tanudjaja, Francisco; Wang, Xueqing; Ramirez, Jimmy M, III; Leonetti, Nicole; Sandoval, Efren; Neveux, Iva; Grzymski, Joseph J; Dabe, Shaun; Minano, Juan Ignacio Esteban; Pazos, Manuel de la Mata; Cerrato, Luciano; Aguirre, Luis A; Lopez-Collazo, Eduardo; Lozano-Rodriguez, Roberto; Avendano-Ortiz, Jose; Arcos, Veronica Terron; Montalban-Hernandez, Karla Marina; Quiroga, Jaime Valentin; Pascual-Iglesias, Alejandro; Maroun-Eid, Charbel; Martin-Quiros, Alejandro; Namkoong, Ho; Fukunaga, Koichi; Ishii, Makoto; Kabata, Hiroki; Masaki, Katsunori; Kamata, Hirofumi; Ikemura, Shinnosuke; Chubachi, Shotaro; Okamori, Satoshi; Terai, Hideki; Tanaka, Hiromu; Morita, Atsuho; Lee, Ho; Asakura, Takanori; Edahiro, Ryuya; Sonehara, Kyuto; Shirai, Yuya; Suzuki, Ken; Kumanogoh, Atsushi; Imoto, Seiya; Katayama, Kazuhiko; Kitagawa, Yuko; Sato, Toshiro; Hasegawa, Naoki; Takeda, Yoshito; Hirata, Haruhiko; Shiroyama, Takayuki; Maeda, Yuichi; Nii, Takuro; Noda, Yoshimi; Niitsu, Takayuki; Adachi, Yuichi; Enomoto, Takatoshi; Amiya, Saori; Hara, Reina; Kimura, Akinori; Ai, Masumi; Tokunaga, Katsushi; Omae, Yosuke; Kanai, Takanori; Nanki, Kosaku; Mikami, Yohei; Miyano, Satoru; Takahashi, Kunihiko; Anzai, Tatsuhiko; Hasegawa, Takanori; Ito, Satoshi; Ogawa, Seishi; Sasaki, Junichi; Morisaki, Hiroshi; Uwamino, Yoshifumi; Tomono, Kazunori; Kato, Kazuto; Matsuda, Fumihiko; Takahashi, Meiko; Hizawa, Nobuyuki; Miyawaki, Satoru; Koike, Ryuji; Endo, Akifumi; Uchimura, Yuji; Miyazaki, Yasunari; Honda, Takayuki; Tateishi, Tomoya; Tohda, Shuji; Ichimura, Naoya; Sonobe, Kazunari; Sassa, Chihiro; Nakajima, Jun; Nannya, Yasuhito; Takahashi, Kazuhisa; Harada, Norihiro; Takagi, Haruhi; Nakamura, Ai; Hiki, Makoto; Tagaya, Etsuko; Arimura, Ken; Kawana, Masatoshi; Ishiguro, Takashi; Takayanagi, Noboru; Isono, Taisuke; Takaku, Yotaro; Takano, Kenji; Anan, Ryusuke; Nakajima, Yukiko; Nakano, Yasushi; Nishio, Kazumi; Ueda, Soichiro; Hayashi, Reina; Tateno, Hiroki; Hase, Isano; Yoshida, Shuichi; Suzuki, Shoji; Mitamura, Keiko; Saito, Fumitake; Ueda, Tetsuya; Azuma, Masanori; Nagasaki, Tadao; Hasegawa, Yoshinori; Okamoto, Masaki; Yasui, Yoshinori; Mutoh, Yoshikazu; Yoshiyama, Takashi; Shoko, Tomohisa; Kojima, Mitsuaki; Adachi, Tomohiro; Ishikawa, Motonao; Takahashi, Kenichiro; Watanabe, Kazuyoshi; Manabe, Tadashi; Ito, Fumimaro; Fukui, Takahiro; Funatsu, Yohei; Koh, Hidefumi; Hirai, Yoshihiro; Kawashima, Hidetoshi; Narita, Atsuya; Niwa, Kazuki; Sekikawa, Yoshiyuki; Saito, Fukuki; Yoshiya, Kazuhisa; Yoshihara, Tomoyuki; Suzuki, Yusuke; Nakayama, Sohei; Masuzawa, Keita; Nishi, Koichi; Nishitsuji, Masaru; Tani, Maiko; Inoue, Takashi; Hirano, Toshiyuki; Kobayashi, Keigo; Miyazawa, Naoki; Kimura, Yasuhiro; Sado, Reiko; Ogura, Takashi; Kitamura, Hideya; Murohashi, Kota; Nakachi, Ichiro; Baba, Rie; Arai, Daisuke; Fuke, Satoshi; Saito, Hiroshi; Kuwahara, Naota; Fujiwara, Akiko; Okada, Takenori; Baba, Tomoya; Noda, Junya; Mashimo, Shuko; Yagi, Kazuma; Shiomi, Tetsuya; Hashiguchi, Mizuha; Odani, Toshio; Mochimaru, Takao; Oyamada, Yoshitaka; Mori, Nobuaki; Izumi, Namiki; Nagata, Kaoru; Taki, Reiko; Murakami, Koji; Yamada, Mitsuhiro; Sugiura, Hisatoshi; Hayashi, Kentaro; Shimizu, Tetsuo; Gon, Yasuhiro; Fujitani, Shigeki; Yoshida, Toru; Tsuchida, Tomoya; Kagaya, Takashi; Kita, Toshiyuki; Sakagami, Satoru; Kimizuka, Yoshifumi; Kawana, Akihiko; Nakamura, Yoshihiko; Ishikura, Hiroyasu; Takata, Tohru; Kikuchi, Takahide; Taniyama, Daisuke; Nakamura, Morio; Kodama, Nobuhiro; Kaneyama, Yasunari; Maeda, Shunsuke; Nagasaki, Yoji; Ishihara, Sayoko; Ito, Akihiro; Chihara, Yusuke; Takeuchi, Mayumi; Onoi, Keisuke; Hashimoto, Naozumi; Wakahara, Keiko; Ando, Akira; Masuda, Makoto; Wakabayashi, Aya; Watanabe, Hiroki; Sageshima, Hisako; Nakada, Taka-Aki; Abe, Ryuzo; Shimada, Tadanaga; Kawamura, Kodai; Ichikado, Kazuya; Nishiyama, Kenta; Yamasaki, Masaki; Hashimoto, Satoru; Kusaka, Yu; Ohba, Takehiko; Isogai, Susumu; Takada, Minoru; Kanda, Hidenori; Komase, Yuko; Sano, Fumiaki; Asano, Koichiro; Oguma, Tsuyoshi; Harada, Masahiro; Takahashi, Takeshi; Shibusawa, Takayuki; Abe, Shinji; Kono, Yuta; Togashi, Yuki; Izumo, Takehiro; Inomata, Minoru; Awano, Nobuyasu; Ogawa, Shinichi; Ogata, Tomouki; Ishihara, Shoichiro; Kanehiro, Arihiko; Ozaki, Shinji; Fuchimoto, Yasuko; Kitagawa, Yuichiro; Yoshida, Shozo; Ogura, Shinji; Nishiyama, Kei; Yoshida, Kousuke; Beppu, Satoru; Fukuyama, Satoru; Eriguchi, Yoshihiro; Yonekawa, Akiko; Inoue, Yoshiaki; Yamagata, Kunihiro; Chiba, Shigeru; Narumoto, Osamu; Nagai, Hideaki; Ooshima, Nobuharu; Motegi, Mitsuru; Sagara, Hironori; Tanaka, Akihiko; Ohta, Shin; Shibata, Yoko; Tanino, Yoshinori; Sato, Yuki; Yamada, Yuichiro; Hashino, Takuya; Shinoki, Masato; Iwagoe, Hajime; Imamura, Tomonori; Umeda, Akira; Shimada, Hisato; Endo, Mayu; Hayashi, Shinichi; Takahashi, Mai; Nakano, Shigefumi; Yatomi, Masakiyo; Maeno, Toshitaka; Ishii, Tomoo; Utsugi, Mitsuyoshi; Ono, Akihiro; Kanaoka, Kensuke; Ihara, Shoichi; Komuta, Kiyoshi; Boezen, Marike; Vonk, Judith M; Ori, Anil P S; Obeidat, Ma'en; Cordero, Ana I Hernandez; Sin, Don D; Bosse, Yohan; Joubert, Philippe; Hao, Ke; Sebra, Robert P; Jordan, Daniel M; Gettler, Kyle; Chaudhary, Kumardeep; Salib, Irene; Zyndorf, Marissa; Schadt, Eric E; Cho, Judy H; Itan, Yuval; Do, Ron; Nickle, David; Timens, Wim; van den Berge, Maarten; Feng, Yen-Chen Anne; Meigs, James B; Weiss, Scott T; Karlson, Elizabeth W; Woolley, Ann E; Smoller, Jordan W; Murphy, Shawn N; Ascolillo, Steven; Thompson, Ryan C; Beckmann, Noam D; Nadkarni, Girish N; Boutros, Paul; Charney, Alexander W; Hoggart, Clive; Choi, Sam; O'Reilly, Paul; Huckins, Laura M; Preuss, Michael; Loos, Ruth J F; Belbin, Gillian M; Abul-Husn, Noura S; Kenny, Eimear E; Geschwind, Daniel H; Ferreira, Manuel A R; Abecasis, Goncalo R; Cantor, Michael N; Kosmicki, Jack A; Horowitz, Julie E; Baras, Aris; Yadav, Ashish; Leader, Joseph B; Gass, Matthew C; Justice, Anne E; Chittoor, Geetha; Josyula, Navya Shilpa; Carey, Dave J; Mirshahi, Tooraj; Verma, Anurag; Ritchie, Marylyn D; Rader, Daniel; Verma, Shefali S; Lucas, Anastasia; Bradford, Yuki; Li, Binglan; Brusco, Alfredo; Ferrero, Giovanni Battista; Butte, Manish J; Scala, Marcello; Riva, Antonella; Rahier, Jean-Francois; Giorgio, Elisa; Carli, Diana; Afifi, Nahla; Klovins, Janis; Rovite, Vita; Rescenko, Raimonds; Peculis, Raitis; Ustinova, Monta; Zeberg, Hugo; Frithiof, Robert; Hultstrom, Michael; Lipcsey, Miklos; Johnson, Ruth; Freimer, Nelson; Ding, Yi; Chiu, Alec; Chang, Timothy S; Wilson, Daniel J; Earle, Sarah G; Lin, Shang-Kuan; Arning, Nicolas; Armstrong, Jacob; Rudkin, Justine K; Crook, Derrick W; Wyllie, David H; O'Connell, Anne Marie; Callier, Shawneequa; Soranzo, Nicole; Zhao, Jing Hua; Danesh, John; Di Angelantonio, Emanuele; Butterworth, Adam S; Sun, Yan, V; Huffman, Jennifer E; O'Donnell, Christopher J; Peloso, Gina; Cho, Kelly; Gaziano, J Michael; Ho, Yuk-Lam; Tsao, Phil; Mian, Michael; Scaggiante, Federica; Chang, Xiao; Glessner, Joseph R; Hakonarson, Hakon; Vincenti, Antonella; Ferri, Claudio; Grassi, Davide; Pessina, Gloria; Di Pietro, Massimo; Luchi, Sauro; Barbieri, Chiara; Acquilini, Donatella; Andreucci, Elena; Poscente, Monica; Petrocelli, Paola; Tiseo, Giusy; Falcone, Marco; Segala, Francesco Vladimiro; Baroni, Silvia; Garcia-Fernandez, Alba-Estela; Blanco-Grau, Albert; Caballero-Garralda, Andrea; Cea, Cristina; Guerrero, Juan M; Angelini, Claudio; Kurihara, Hayato; Ciccarelli, Michele; Bocciolone, Monica; Preatoni, Paoletta; Omodei, Paolo; Muniz-Diaz, Eduardo; Sandoval, Elena; Aziz, Fatima; Ferrusquia-Acosta, Jose; Moreira, Leticia; Cardamone, Giulia; Foti, Giuseppe; Matullo, Giuseppe; Aneli, Serena; Damas, Jan Kristian; Risnes, Kari; Bettini, Laura Rachele; Martin, Javier; Acosta-Herrera, Marialbert; Erdmann, Jeanette; Bergan, Jonas; Biondi, Andrea; D'Angio, Mariella; Solligard, Erik; Gustad, Lise Tuset; Schaefer, Marco; Peter, Wolfgang; Valsecchi, Maria G; Cazzaniga, Marina; Faverio, Paola; Bonfanti, Paolo; Dopazo, Ximo

Affiliations

Abstract

The genetic make-up of an individual contributes to the susceptibility and response to viral infection. Although environmental, clinical and social factors have a role in the chance of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and the severity of COVID-19(1,2), host genetics may also be important. Identifying host-specific genetic factors may reveal biological mechanisms of therapeutic relevance and clarify causal relationships of modifiable environmental risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and outcomes. We formed a global network of researchers to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity. Here we describe the results of three genome-wide association meta-analyses that consist of up to 49,562 patients with COVID-19 from 46 studies across19 countries. We report 13 genome-wide significant loci that are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe manifestations of COVID-19. Several of these loci correspond to previously documented associations to lung or autoimmune and inflammatory diseases(3-7). They also represent potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection. Mendelian randomization analyses support a causal role for smoking and body-mass index for severe COVID-19 although not for type II diabetes. The identification of novel host genetic factors associated with COVID-19 was made possible by the community of human genetics researchers coming together to prioritize the sharing of data, results, resources and analytical frameworks. This working model of international collaboration underscores what is possible for future genetic discoveries in emerging pandemics, or indeed for any complex human disease.

Keywords