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December 5, 2024
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Electroconvulsive therapy in N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: A retrospective cohort and scoping review of literature

Publicated to: Journal Of Neuroimmunology. 392 578369- - 2024-07-15 392(), DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578369

Authors:

Wright, MA; Guasp, M; Lachner, C; Day, GS; Gombolay, G; Titulaer, MJ; Clardy, SL
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Affiliations

Emory Univ, Dept Pediat,Sch Med, Div Neurol, Childrens Healthcare Atlanta - Author
George E Wahlen Vet Affairs Hlth Care Syst - Author
Inst Invest Biomed August Pi i Sunyer IDIBAPS, Neuroimmunol Program - Author
Mayo Clin, Dept Neurol - Author
Primary Children Hosp, 81 North Mario Capecchi Dr - Author
Univ Med Ctr, Erasmus MC, Dept Neurol - Author
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Abstract

Neuropsychiatric symptoms in N -methyl- D -aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE) have led some to pursue empiric trials of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). A scoping review identified 39 patients diagnosed with NMDARE undergoing ECT. Separately, a retrospective cohort was reviewed to characterize 21 patients. Clinical improvement was attributed to ECT in 49% of patients in the scoping review and 19% of patients in the retrospective cohort; timing of immunotherapies was a confounding factor. Worsening of clinical course following ECT was reported in 28% of patients in the scoping review and 38% of patient in the retrospective review. There is currently insufficient data supporting a beneficial effect of ECT in NMDARE.
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Keywords

AdolescentAdultAnti nmda receptor encephalitisAnti-n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitisAntibody encephalitisAutoimmune encephalitisCase seriesCatatoniCatatoniaCohort analysisCohort studiesD -aspartate receptor encephalitisDiagnosisElectroconvulsive therapyFemaleHistorHumanHumansMaleMiddle agedN -methylN-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitisNeuropsychiatric symptomsNmdar encephalitisParaneoplastic encephalitisProceduresPsychiatric-symptomsPsychosisRetrospective studiesRetrospective studyTherapyTreatment outcomeYoung adultYoung woman

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2024 there are still no calculated indicators, but in 2023, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q2 (Segundo Cuartil), in the category Neurology (Clinical). Notably, the journal is positioned en el Cuartil Q3 for the agency WoS (JCR) in the category Neurosciences.

Independientemente del impacto esperado determinado por el canal de difusión, es importante destacar el impacto real observado de la propia aportación.

Según las diferentes agencias de indexación, el número de citas acumuladas por esta publicación hasta la fecha 2026-04-01:

  • WoS: 3
  • Scopus: 1
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Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-01:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 9.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 9 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 11.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 16 (Altmetric).
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Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Netherlands; United States of America.

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Awards linked to the item

M.A. Wright, M. Guasp, and C. Lachner have no disclosures; G.S. Day has no competing interests that are directly relevant to this work, his research is supported by NIH (K23AG064029, U01AG057195, U01NS120901, U19AG032438) and the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, he serves as a consultant for Parabon Nanolabs Inc. and as a Topic Editor (Dementia) for DynaMed (EBSCO) , he is the co -Project PI for a clinical trial in anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which receives support from Horizon Pharmaceuticals, he has developed educational materials for PeerView Media, Inc., and Continuing Education Inc., he owns stock in ANI pharmaceuticals, his institution has received support from Eli Lilly for development and participation in an educational event promoting early diagnosis of symptomatic Alzheimer's disease, and in -kind contributions of radiotracer precursors for tau -PET neuroimaging in studies of mem- ory and aging (via Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, a wholly -owned sub- sidiary of Eli Lilly) ; G. Gombolay receives part time salary support from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for acute flaccid myelitis surveillance and an honorarium as Media Editor for Pediatric Neurology, and is funded by the National Center for Advancing Trans- lational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number UL1TR002378 and KL2TR002381; M.J. Titulaer has received research funds for serving on a scientific advisory board of Horizon Therapeutics, for consultation at Guidepoint Global LLC, for consulta- tion at UCB, and publication royalties for UpToDate, he has received an unrestricted research grant from CSL Behring, he was funded by the Dutch EpilepsieNL Foundation (NEF 19-08) , an Interlaken Leadership award, Dioraphte (2001 0403) , the Dutch Research Council (ZonMW, PARAD E -VIMP) and E -RARE JTC 2018 (UltraAIE, 90030376505) ; S.L. Clardy is a site investigator for the Alexion clinical trial for Eculizumab in Relapsing NMO patients, now in long-term follow-up, and the UCB clinical trial for relapsing MOGAD patients (cosMOG) , currently actively enrolling, she has received research support from NIH/NINDS (U01, The ExTINGUISH Trial) , the Western Institute for Veteran Research, the Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association, the Immune Deficiency Foun- dation, Viela Bio/Horizon, Alexion/AstraZeneca, the Barbara Gural Steinmetz Foundation, Sumaira Foundation for NMO, she has served on consulting/Scientific Advisory Boards for Alexion, VielaBio/Horizon, Genentech/Roche, she is on the medical Advisory Board of the Sumaira Foundation for NMO (unpaid) , she is also the Section Editor of Neurology Podcast and Neurology Minute and on the Editorial Board for Neurology: Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation.
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