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CD99 Expression and Prognostic Impact in Glioblastoma: A Single-Center Cohort Study.

Publicat a:Cells. 13 (7): 597- - 2024-04-01 13(7), DOI: 10.3390/cells13070597

Autors: Rocca, A; Bottin, C; Pinamonti, M; Zanconati, F; Generali, D; Giudici, F; Donofrio, CA; Cominetti, M; D'Auria, P; Bianchini, S; Fioravanti, A; Ferrari, B; Panni, S; Schettini, F; Pineda, E; Varotti, E; Ungari, M; Ciccarelli, S; Filippini, M; Brenna, S; Fiori, V; Di Mambro, T; Sparti, A; Magnani, M

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Glioblastoma is the most frequent and aggressive brain tumor in adults. This study aims to evaluate the expression and prognostic impact of CD99, a membrane glycoprotein involved in cellular migration and invasion. In a cohort of patients with glioblastoma treated with surgery, radiotherapy and temozolomide, we retrospectively analyzed tumor expression of CD99 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for both the wild type (CD99wt) and the truncated (CD99sh) isoforms. The impact on overall survival (OS) was assessed with the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test and by multivariable Cox regression. Forty-six patients with glioblastoma entered this study. Immunohistochemical expression of CD99 was present in 83%. Only the CD99wt isoform was detected by qRT-PCR and was significantly correlated with CD99 expression evaluated by IHC (rho = 0.309, p = 0.037). CD99 expression was not associated with OS, regardless of the assessment methodology used (p = 0.61 for qRT-PCR and p = 0.73 for IHC). In an exploratory analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas, casuistry of glioblastomas CD99 expression was not associated with OS nor with progression-free survival. This study confirms a high expression of CD99 in glioblastoma but does not show any significant impact on survival. Further preclinical studies are needed to define its role as a therapeutic target in glioblastoma.

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