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CD99 Expression and Prognostic Impact in Glioblastoma: A Single-Center Cohort Study.

Publicated to:Cells. 13 (7): 597- - 2024-04-01 13(7), DOI: 10.3390/cells13070597

Authors: Rocca, A; Bottin, C; Pinamonti, M; Zanconati, F; Generali, D; Giudici, F; Donofrio, CA; Cominetti, M; D'Auria, P; Bianchini, S; Fioravanti, A; Ferrari, B; Panni, S; Schettini, F; Pineda, E; Varotti, E; Ungari, M; Ciccarelli, S; Filippini, M; Brenna, S; Fiori, V; Di Mambro, T; Sparti, A; Magnani, M

Affiliations

ASST Cremona, Neurosurg, Viale Concordia 1, I-26100 Cremona, Italy - Author
Breast and Brain Unit, ASST Cremona, Viale Concordia 1, 26100 Cremona, Italy. - Author
Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy. - Author
Ctr Riferimento Oncol Aviano CRO IRCCS, Canc Epidemiol Unit, I-33081 Aviano, Italy - Author
Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy. - Author
Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34147 Trieste, Italy. - Author
Diatheva srl, 61030 Cartoceto, Italy. - Author
Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. - Author
Neurosurgery, ASST Cremona, Viale Concordia 1, 26100 Cremona, Italy. - Author
Pathology Unit, ASST Cremona, Viale Concordia 1, 26100 Cremona, Italy. - Author
Radiotherapy Unit, ASST Cremona, Viale Concordia 1, 26100 Cremona, Italy. - Author
Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), C. Villaroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. - Author
Univ Trieste, Dept Med Surg & Hlth Sci, I-34147 Trieste, Italy - Author
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Abstract

Glioblastoma is the most frequent and aggressive brain tumor in adults. This study aims to evaluate the expression and prognostic impact of CD99, a membrane glycoprotein involved in cellular migration and invasion. In a cohort of patients with glioblastoma treated with surgery, radiotherapy and temozolomide, we retrospectively analyzed tumor expression of CD99 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for both the wild type (CD99wt) and the truncated (CD99sh) isoforms. The impact on overall survival (OS) was assessed with the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test and by multivariable Cox regression. Forty-six patients with glioblastoma entered this study. Immunohistochemical expression of CD99 was present in 83%. Only the CD99wt isoform was detected by qRT-PCR and was significantly correlated with CD99 expression evaluated by IHC (rho = 0.309, p = 0.037). CD99 expression was not associated with OS, regardless of the assessment methodology used (p = 0.61 for qRT-PCR and p = 0.73 for IHC). In an exploratory analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas, casuistry of glioblastomas CD99 expression was not associated with OS nor with progression-free survival. This study confirms a high expression of CD99 in glioblastoma but does not show any significant impact on survival. Further preclinical studies are needed to define its role as a therapeutic target in glioblastoma.

Keywords
12e7 antigenAdultAgedArticleBiopsyBrain tumorCancer prognosisCancer stagingCancer survivalCd99Cd99 antigenCd99 protein, humanCohort analysisCohort studiesCorrelation coefficientDemographicsExploratory behaviorFemaleGene amplificationGlioblastomaHistologyHumanHuman tissueHumansImmunohistochemistryKaplan meier methodMajor clinical studyMaleOverall survivalPrognosisPrognostic factorProgression free survivalProportional hazards modelProtein expressionQuantitative real-time polymerase chain reactionReal time polymerase chain reactionRetrospective studiesRetrospective studySurvival analysisSurvival rateTemozolomideTranscriptomicsTumor cellUnivariate analysis

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Cells due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency Scopus (SJR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2024 there are still no calculated indicators, but in 2023, it was in position , thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Miscellaneous).

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-05-19:

  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 8 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

    It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

    • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
    Leadership analysis of institutional authors

    This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Italy.