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Grant support

The authors want to thank the owners of the infected ferret (Guillermo and Esther) for their help in sampling trees in Gava (Barcelona). Jesus Guinea (Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Maranon', Madrid, Spain) and Manuel Cuenca-Estrella (Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain), for providing clinical C. gattii strains. Josep M. Torres (Institut Municipal d'Investigacion Medica. Barcelona), Miguel Hermoso and Alfredo Garcia (University of Extremadura. Caceres, Spain) for providing veterinary C. gattii strains. Pepa Anton and Kazuo Sato for their help sampling holm trees. Concepcion Nunez for laboratory technical assistance and Mar a Abad for the English proofreading of the manuscript. This work was supported by Generalitat Valenciana grant GVPRE/2008/399, Foundation Navarro-Tripodi (Alicante, Spain) and the Odo van Vloten Foundation (The Netherlands).

Analysis of institutional authors

Penataro, Joaquin SAuthor

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March 19, 2025
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Ceratonia siliqua (carob) trees as natural habitat and source of infection by Cryptococcus gattii in the Mediterranean environment

Publicated to:Medical Mycology. 50 (1): 67-73 - 2012-01-01 50(1), DOI: 10.3109/13693786.2011.574239

Authors: Francisca Colom, Maria; Hagen, Ferry; Gonzalez, Alfonso; Mellado, Axelle; Morera, Neus; Linares, Carlos; Garcia, David F; Penataro, Joaquin S; Boekhout, Teun; Sanchez, Manuel

Affiliations

CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Dept Yeast & Basidiomycete Res, Utrecht, Netherlands - Author
Clin Vet Exot, Barcelona, Spain - Author
Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Internal Med & Infect Dis, Utrecht, Netherlands - Author
Univ Miguel Hernandez, Lab Micol, Fac Med, E-03550 Alicante, Spain - Author

Abstract

Recent Cryptococcus gattii infections in humans and animals, including several outbreaks in goats, were the basis of this environmental survey in six provinces of Spain. A total of 479 samples from 20 tree species were studied. Cryptococcus gattii was found for the first time in autochthonous Mediterranean trees in Spain. Fourteen isolates of this pathogen were obtained from seven trees of three different species: 12 from carob (Ceratonia siliqua), one from Mediterranean stone pine (Pinus halepensis) and another from eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus camaldulensis). All C. gattii isolates were genotype AFLP4/VGI and mating type alpha, and were found to be genetically identical with C. gattii strains isolated from humans and animals in Spain. This supports the hypothesis that these trees may be a natural source for infection of humans and mammals in the Mediterranean area.

Keywords

British-columbiaCanadaCarob treeCryptococcus gattiiDecayed woodEnvironmentEucalyptus-camaldulensisIndiInfectionMediterraneaNeoformans var. grubiiPacific-northwestSpecies complexTrunk hollowsUnited-states

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Medical Mycology due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2012, it was in position 15/142, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Veterinary Sciences.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 2.18. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 5.48 (source consulted: Dimensions Jul 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-07-06, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 60

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-07-06:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 36.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 36 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 6.264.

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: Netherlands.